The standard gibbs energy of ion resolvation and non-linear dielectric effects

Theoretical aspects of ion solvation in various solvents have been considered with an allowance for dielectric saturation. The results of our calculations are compared with experimental dependences of the standard Gibbs solvation energy on the static and optical permittivities, and on the ion size. Characteristic saturation radii have been calculated for different solvents (water, acetonitrile, and nitrobenzene). The dielectric saturation contributes noticeably to the electrostatic part of the Gibbs solvation energy only for very small ions of radius less than 0.15 nm. A table is presented which lists up-to-date experimental values for the standard Gibbs energy of ion transfer and for the standard potential of ion partition between water and organic solvents.