TY - JOUR
T1 - The mechanism of HMGB1 secretion and release
AU - Chen, Ruochan
AU - Kang, Rui
AU - Tang, Daolin
N1 - Funding Information:
The manuscript was supported by grants from the National Natural Sciences Foundation of Hunan Province (#2019JJ30041), National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (#82070613), and Innovation-Driven Project of Central South University (#2020CX044).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
PY - 2022/2
Y1 - 2022/2
N2 - High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone nuclear protein that has multiple functions according to its subcellular location. In the nucleus, HMGB1 is a DNA chaperone that maintains the structure and function of chromosomes. In the cytoplasm, HMGB1 can promote autophagy by binding to BECN1 protein. After its active secretion or passive release, extracellular HMGB1 usually acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule, regulating inflammation and immune responses through different receptors or direct uptake. The secretion and release of HMGB1 is fine-tuned by a variety of factors, including its posttranslational modification (e.g., acetylation, ADP-ribosylation, phosphorylation, and methylation) and the molecular machinery of cell death (e.g., apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, alkaliptosis, and ferroptosis). In this minireview, we introduce the basic structure and function of HMGB1 and focus on the regulatory mechanism of HMGB1 secretion and release. Understanding these topics may help us develop new HMGB1-targeted drugs for various conditions, especially inflammatory diseases and tissue damage.
AB - High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone nuclear protein that has multiple functions according to its subcellular location. In the nucleus, HMGB1 is a DNA chaperone that maintains the structure and function of chromosomes. In the cytoplasm, HMGB1 can promote autophagy by binding to BECN1 protein. After its active secretion or passive release, extracellular HMGB1 usually acts as a damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecule, regulating inflammation and immune responses through different receptors or direct uptake. The secretion and release of HMGB1 is fine-tuned by a variety of factors, including its posttranslational modification (e.g., acetylation, ADP-ribosylation, phosphorylation, and methylation) and the molecular machinery of cell death (e.g., apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, alkaliptosis, and ferroptosis). In this minireview, we introduce the basic structure and function of HMGB1 and focus on the regulatory mechanism of HMGB1 secretion and release. Understanding these topics may help us develop new HMGB1-targeted drugs for various conditions, especially inflammatory diseases and tissue damage.
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U2 - 10.1038/s12276-022-00736-w
DO - 10.1038/s12276-022-00736-w
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35217834
AN - SCOPUS:85125231031
SN - 1226-3613
VL - 54
SP - 91
EP - 102
JO - Experimental and Molecular Medicine
JF - Experimental and Molecular Medicine
IS - 2
ER -