@article{3d65e1004b1c40338216d70f12b824a1,
title = "The Adrenal Lipid Droplet is a New Site for Steroid Hormone Metabolism",
abstract = "Steroid hormones play essential roles for living organisms. It has been long and well established that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria are essential sites for steroid hormone biosynthesis because several steroidogenic enzymes are located in these organelles. The adrenal gland lipid droplet (LD) proteomes from human, macaque monkey, and rodent are analyzed, revealing that steroidogenic enzymes are also present in abundance on LDs. The enzymes found include 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B) and estradiol 17β-dehydrogenase 11 (HSD17B11). Analyses by Western blot and subcellular localization consistently demonstrate that HSD3B2 is localized on LDs. Furthermore, in vitro experiments confirm that the isolated LDs from HeLa cell stably expressing HSD3B2 or from rat adrenal glands have the capacity to convert pregnenolone to progesterone. Collectively, these data suggest that LDs may be important sites of steroid hormone metabolism. These findings may bring novel insights into the biosynthesis and metabolism of steroid hormones and the development of treatments for adrenal disorders.",
keywords = "3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (HSD3B2), adrenal, lipid droplets (LDs), steroid hormone metabolism",
author = "Jinhai Yu and Linqiang Zhang and Yunhai Li and Xiaotong Zhu and Shimeng Xu and Zhou, {Xiao Ming} and Haizhen Wang and Hongchao Zhang and Bin Liang and Pingsheng Liu",
note = "Funding Information: J.Y. and L.Z. contributed equally to this work. B.L., P.S.L., and J.H.Y. conceived and designed the experiments; J.H.Y. and X.T.Z. performed the experiments; Y.H.L., S.M.X., and H.Z.W. conducted imaging and part MS data analysis; L.Q.Z. conducted part radioactive experiment and plasmid construction; X.M.Z. conducted EM; B.L., P.S.L., J.H.Y., S.M.X., and X.T.Z. analyzed the data. B.L., P.S.L., J.H.Y., and H.C.Z. contributed reagents, materials, and analysis tools; and B.L., P.S.L., and J.H.Y. wrote the paper. The authors thank Dr. John Zehmer for his critical reading and useful suggestions, Dr. Xudong Zhao for his technical support, and Hongjie Zhang for suggestion to radioactive experiments. This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (grant no. 2016YFA0500100), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA12040218 and XDB13030600), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1402225, U1702288, U1702287, 31571388, 31671402, 31671233, 31671230, 31701018, 81700520, and 81471082), the CAS-Croucher Joint Laboratory Project, project no. CAS16SC01, the Yunnan Applied Basic Research Projects (2017FA007 and 2018FB117), and the Yunnan Oversea High-level Talents Program (2015HA039 and 2015HA040). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim",
year = "2018",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1002/pmic.201800136",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "18",
journal = "Proteomics",
issn = "1615-9853",
publisher = "Wiley-VCH Verlag",
number = "23",
}