TY - JOUR
T1 - Ten days of high dietary sodium does not impair cerebral blood flow regulation in healthy adults
AU - Migdal, Kamila U.
AU - Robinson, Austin T.
AU - Watso, Joseph C.
AU - Babcock, Matthew C.
AU - Lennon, Shannon L.
AU - Martens, Christopher R.
AU - Serrador, Jorge M.
AU - Farquhar, William B.
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank research nurse Wendy Nichols, BSN for her technical assistance, study coordinator Liza Walker, BS for recruitment assistance, research dietitian Sofia Sanchez, MBA, RDN, LDN for diet preparation and analysis, and all the study participants for their time and commitment to the study. This work was supported by NIH Grants R01 HL128388 (WBF). This publication was also made possible by the Delaware COBRE program, supported by a grant from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences – NIGMS ( 5 P20 GM113125 ) from the National Institutes of Health .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
PY - 2021/9
Y1 - 2021/9
N2 - High dietary sodium impairs cerebral blood flow regulation in rodents and is associated with increased stroke risk in humans. However, the effects of multiple days of high dietary sodium on cerebral blood flow regulation in humans is unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether ten days of high dietary sodium impairs cerebral blood flow regulation. Ten participants (3F/7M; age: 30 ± 10 years; blood pressure (BP): 113 ± 8/62 ± 9 mmHg) participated in this randomized, cross-over design study. Participants were placed on 10-day diets that included either low- (1000 mg/d), medium- (2300 mg/d) or high- (7000 mg/d) sodium separated by ≥four weeks. Urinary sodium excretion, beat-to-beat BP (finger photoplethysmography), middle cerebral artery velocity (transcranial Doppler), and end-tidal carbon dioxide (capnography) was measured. Dynamic cerebral autoregulation during a ten-minute baseline was calculated and cerebrovascular reactivity assessed by determining the percent change in middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity to hypercapnia (8% CO2, 21% oxygen, balance nitrogen) and hypocapnia (via mild hyperventilation). Urinary sodium excretion increased in a stepwise manner (ANOVA P = 0.001) from the low, to medium, to high condition. There were no differences in dynamic cerebral autoregulation between conditions. While there was a trend for a difference during cerebrovascular reactivity to hypercapnia (ANOVA P = 0.06), this trend was abolished when calculating cerebrovascular conductance (ANOVA: P = 0.28). There were no differences in cerebrovascular reactivity (ANOVA P = 0.57) or conductance (ANOVA: P = 0.73) during hypocapnia. These data suggest that ten days of a high sodium diet does not impair cerebral blood flow regulation in healthy adults.
AB - High dietary sodium impairs cerebral blood flow regulation in rodents and is associated with increased stroke risk in humans. However, the effects of multiple days of high dietary sodium on cerebral blood flow regulation in humans is unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether ten days of high dietary sodium impairs cerebral blood flow regulation. Ten participants (3F/7M; age: 30 ± 10 years; blood pressure (BP): 113 ± 8/62 ± 9 mmHg) participated in this randomized, cross-over design study. Participants were placed on 10-day diets that included either low- (1000 mg/d), medium- (2300 mg/d) or high- (7000 mg/d) sodium separated by ≥four weeks. Urinary sodium excretion, beat-to-beat BP (finger photoplethysmography), middle cerebral artery velocity (transcranial Doppler), and end-tidal carbon dioxide (capnography) was measured. Dynamic cerebral autoregulation during a ten-minute baseline was calculated and cerebrovascular reactivity assessed by determining the percent change in middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity to hypercapnia (8% CO2, 21% oxygen, balance nitrogen) and hypocapnia (via mild hyperventilation). Urinary sodium excretion increased in a stepwise manner (ANOVA P = 0.001) from the low, to medium, to high condition. There were no differences in dynamic cerebral autoregulation between conditions. While there was a trend for a difference during cerebrovascular reactivity to hypercapnia (ANOVA P = 0.06), this trend was abolished when calculating cerebrovascular conductance (ANOVA: P = 0.28). There were no differences in cerebrovascular reactivity (ANOVA P = 0.57) or conductance (ANOVA: P = 0.73) during hypocapnia. These data suggest that ten days of a high sodium diet does not impair cerebral blood flow regulation in healthy adults.
KW - Cerebrovascular reactivity
KW - Dietary sodium
KW - Dynamic cerebral autoregulation
KW - Hypercapnia
KW - Hypocapnia
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U2 - 10.1016/j.autneu.2021.102826
DO - 10.1016/j.autneu.2021.102826
M3 - Article
C2 - 34058717
AN - SCOPUS:85107160799
SN - 1566-0702
VL - 234
JO - Journal of the Autonomic Nervous System
JF - Journal of the Autonomic Nervous System
M1 - 102826
ER -