TY - JOUR
T1 - Reduced task-evoked pupillary response in preparation for an executive cognitive control response among individuals across the psychosis spectrum
AU - Karpouzian-Rogers, Tatiana
AU - Sweeney, John A.
AU - Rubin, Leah H.
AU - McDowell, Jennifer
AU - Clementz, Brett A.
AU - Gershon, Elliot
AU - Keshavan, Matcheri S.
AU - Pearlson, Godfrey D.
AU - Tamminga, Carol A.
AU - Reilly, James L.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health ( MH083126 to JLR, MH077851 to CAT, MH078113 to MSK, MH077945 to GDP, MH077862 to JAS), University of Cincinnati Schizophrenia Program Fund (to JAS), and Dolores Zohrab Liebmann Fund (to TK-R).
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health ( MH083126 to JLR, MH077851 to CAT, MH078113 to MSK, MH077945 to GDP, MH077862 to JAS), University of Cincinnati Schizophrenia Program Fund (to JAS), and Dolores Zohrab Liebmann Fund (to TK-R). The funding sources had no involvement in the study design, data collection, analysis or interpretation, or writing of the manuscript or its submission for publication.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2022/10
Y1 - 2022/10
N2 - Task-evoked pupillary response (TEPR) is a measure of physiological arousal modulated by cognitive demand. Healthy individuals demonstrate greater TEPR prior to correct versus error antisaccade trials and correct antisaccade versus visually guided saccade (VGS) trials. The relationship between TEPR and antisaccade performance in individuals with psychotic disorders and their relatives has not been investigated. Probands with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, psychotic bipolar disorder, their first-degree relatives, and controls from the B-SNIP study completed antisaccade and VGS tasks. TEPR prior to execution of responses on these tasks was evaluated among controls compared to probands and relatives according to diagnostic groups and neurobiologically defined subgroups (biotypes). Controls demonstrated greater TEPR on antisaccade correct versus error versus VGS trials. TEPR was not differentiated between antisaccade correct versus error trials in bipolar or schizophrenia probands, though was greater on antisaccade compared to prosaccade trials. There was no modulation of TEPR in schizoaffective probands. Relatives of schizophrenia and schizoaffective probands and those with elevated psychosis spectrum traits failed to demonstrate differential TEPR on antisaccade correct versus error trials. No proband or relative biotypes demonstrated differential TEPR on antisaccade correct versus error trials, and only proband biotype 3 and relative biotypes 3 and 2 demonstrated greater TEPR on antisaccade versus VGS trials. Our findings suggest that aberrant modulation of preparatory activity prior to saccade execution contributes to impaired executive cognitive control across the psychosis spectrum, including nonpsychotic relatives with elevated clinical risk. Reduced pupillary modulation under cognitive challenge may thus be a biomarker for the psychosis phenotype.
AB - Task-evoked pupillary response (TEPR) is a measure of physiological arousal modulated by cognitive demand. Healthy individuals demonstrate greater TEPR prior to correct versus error antisaccade trials and correct antisaccade versus visually guided saccade (VGS) trials. The relationship between TEPR and antisaccade performance in individuals with psychotic disorders and their relatives has not been investigated. Probands with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, psychotic bipolar disorder, their first-degree relatives, and controls from the B-SNIP study completed antisaccade and VGS tasks. TEPR prior to execution of responses on these tasks was evaluated among controls compared to probands and relatives according to diagnostic groups and neurobiologically defined subgroups (biotypes). Controls demonstrated greater TEPR on antisaccade correct versus error versus VGS trials. TEPR was not differentiated between antisaccade correct versus error trials in bipolar or schizophrenia probands, though was greater on antisaccade compared to prosaccade trials. There was no modulation of TEPR in schizoaffective probands. Relatives of schizophrenia and schizoaffective probands and those with elevated psychosis spectrum traits failed to demonstrate differential TEPR on antisaccade correct versus error trials. No proband or relative biotypes demonstrated differential TEPR on antisaccade correct versus error trials, and only proband biotype 3 and relative biotypes 3 and 2 demonstrated greater TEPR on antisaccade versus VGS trials. Our findings suggest that aberrant modulation of preparatory activity prior to saccade execution contributes to impaired executive cognitive control across the psychosis spectrum, including nonpsychotic relatives with elevated clinical risk. Reduced pupillary modulation under cognitive challenge may thus be a biomarker for the psychosis phenotype.
KW - Bipolar disorder
KW - Inhibitory control
KW - Pupillary modulation
KW - Schizoaffective disorder
KW - Schizophrenia
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U2 - 10.1016/j.schres.2022.07.018
DO - 10.1016/j.schres.2022.07.018
M3 - Article
C2 - 35963057
AN - SCOPUS:85135918002
SN - 0920-9964
VL - 248
SP - 79
EP - 88
JO - Schizophrenia Research
JF - Schizophrenia Research
ER -