TY - JOUR
T1 - Psyllium augments the cholesterol-lowering action of cholestyramine in hamsters by enhancing sterol loss from the liver
AU - Turley, Stephen D.
AU - Daggy, Bruce P.
AU - Dietschy, John M.
N1 - Copyright:
Copyright 2017 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.
PY - 1994/8
Y1 - 1994/8
N2 - Background/Aims: Psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid is a nonabsorbable soluble fiber that lowers plasma cholesterol levels in several species, including humans. However, its mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, using a hamster model, experiments were performed to determine whether psyllium given alone or in combination with a submaximal dose of cholestyramine blocks intestinal cholesterol absorption. Methods: The efficiency of cholesterol absorption and concentrations of plasma and hepatic total cholesterol were measured in male hamsters fed a cholesterol-enriched chow diet (0.1%) that contained either avicel (cellulose) (7.5%), surfomer (3%), cholestyramine (1% or 3%), or psyllium (7.5%) as single agents or a fixed level of cholestyramine (1%) combined with variable levels of psyllium (2%, 4%, 6%, or 8%). Results: Psyllium, cholestyramine, and surfomer, when given alone, markedly lowered plasma and hepatic cholesterol concentrations. Surfomer, and cholestyramine at the higher dose (3%), blocked cholesterol absorption by 54% and 75%, respectively, whereas psyllium had no effect. Combining psyllium with a submaximal dose of cholestyramine augmented the cholesterol-lowering action of the resin without effecting any marked change in the level of cholesterol absorption, except at the highest dose used. Conclusions: Psyllium, given either as a single agent or as an adjunct to treatment with cholestyramine, exerts a significant hypocholesterolemic effect by enhancing net negative sterol balance across the liver.
AB - Background/Aims: Psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid is a nonabsorbable soluble fiber that lowers plasma cholesterol levels in several species, including humans. However, its mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, using a hamster model, experiments were performed to determine whether psyllium given alone or in combination with a submaximal dose of cholestyramine blocks intestinal cholesterol absorption. Methods: The efficiency of cholesterol absorption and concentrations of plasma and hepatic total cholesterol were measured in male hamsters fed a cholesterol-enriched chow diet (0.1%) that contained either avicel (cellulose) (7.5%), surfomer (3%), cholestyramine (1% or 3%), or psyllium (7.5%) as single agents or a fixed level of cholestyramine (1%) combined with variable levels of psyllium (2%, 4%, 6%, or 8%). Results: Psyllium, cholestyramine, and surfomer, when given alone, markedly lowered plasma and hepatic cholesterol concentrations. Surfomer, and cholestyramine at the higher dose (3%), blocked cholesterol absorption by 54% and 75%, respectively, whereas psyllium had no effect. Combining psyllium with a submaximal dose of cholestyramine augmented the cholesterol-lowering action of the resin without effecting any marked change in the level of cholesterol absorption, except at the highest dose used. Conclusions: Psyllium, given either as a single agent or as an adjunct to treatment with cholestyramine, exerts a significant hypocholesterolemic effect by enhancing net negative sterol balance across the liver.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0028085843&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0028085843&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/0016-5085(94)90170-8
DO - 10.1016/0016-5085(94)90170-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 8039621
AN - SCOPUS:0028085843
SN - 0016-5085
VL - 107
SP - 444
EP - 452
JO - Gastroenterology
JF - Gastroenterology
IS - 2
ER -