TY - JOUR
T1 - Potential use of serum-derived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate for the management of COVID-19
AU - Utay, Netanya S.
AU - Asmuth, David M.
AU - Gharakhanian, Shahin
AU - Contreras, Moises
AU - Warner, Christopher D.
AU - Detzel, Christopher J.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors wish to thank all the front-line workers caring for patients with COVID-19. The authors also want to acknowledge Doug Walp, MS, Axon Animation LLC, for the Medical Illustration, and Dr. Robert G?erri for his knowledge and insight.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors. Drug Development Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
PY - 2021/11
Y1 - 2021/11
N2 - COVID-19 manifests as a mild disease in most people but can progress to severe disease in nearly 20% of individuals. Disease progression is likely driven by a cytokine storm, either directly stimulated by SARS-CoV-2 or by increased systemic inflammation in which the gut might play an integral role. SARS-CoV-2 replication in the gut may cause increased intestinal permeability, alterations to the fecal microbiome, and increased inflammatory cytokines. Each effect may lead to increased systemic inflammation and the transport of cytokines and inflammatory antigens from the gut to the lung. Few interventions are being studied to treat people with mild disease and prevent the cytokine storm. Serumderived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI) may prevent progression by (1) binding and neutralizing inflammatory antigens, (2) decreasing gut permeability, (3) interfering with ACE2 binding by viral proteins, and (4) improving the fecal microbiome. SBI is therefore a promising intervention to prevent disease progression in COVID-19 patients.
AB - COVID-19 manifests as a mild disease in most people but can progress to severe disease in nearly 20% of individuals. Disease progression is likely driven by a cytokine storm, either directly stimulated by SARS-CoV-2 or by increased systemic inflammation in which the gut might play an integral role. SARS-CoV-2 replication in the gut may cause increased intestinal permeability, alterations to the fecal microbiome, and increased inflammatory cytokines. Each effect may lead to increased systemic inflammation and the transport of cytokines and inflammatory antigens from the gut to the lung. Few interventions are being studied to treat people with mild disease and prevent the cytokine storm. Serumderived bovine immunoglobulin/protein isolate (SBI) may prevent progression by (1) binding and neutralizing inflammatory antigens, (2) decreasing gut permeability, (3) interfering with ACE2 binding by viral proteins, and (4) improving the fecal microbiome. SBI is therefore a promising intervention to prevent disease progression in COVID-19 patients.
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - intestinal permeability
KW - serum-derived Bovine Immunoglobulin/protein isolate
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U2 - 10.1002/ddr.21841
DO - 10.1002/ddr.21841
M3 - Comment/debate
C2 - 34110032
AN - SCOPUS:85107461038
SN - 0272-4391
VL - 82
SP - 873
EP - 879
JO - Drug Development Research
JF - Drug Development Research
IS - 7
ER -