Peripheral Nerve Injuries and Acqu ired Disorders

Peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) in the pediatric population are a condition frequently encountered by pediatric physiatrists and pediatric providers. Seen in both inpatient and outpatient settings, evaluation and management of these injuries can vary based on the age of the patient, the mechanism of injury, and the severity of injury. Collaborative management between the medical team and the surgical team is paramount to facilitating optimum physical and functional outcomes in all PNIs. This chapter aims to present the key components in the general evaluation of PNIs in pediatrics, as well as the core elements of rehabilitation and surgical management in more common pediatric PNIs. Evaluation of the pediatric patient is distinctly different from the adult population. Direct trauma is the primary cause of brachial plexus injuries in the pediatric population. This trauma can result in open or closed injuries and may require surgical intervention depending on the extent of the injury.