Odontogenic Cysts and Tumors

Odontogenic cysts and tumors are a thought provoking and diverse, albeit rare group of pathologic lesions of the jaws and surrounding soft tissues that are derived from the enamel organ. Their microscopic nuances, recognition, and diagnosis may be elusive to all but those specialty trained in oral and maxillofacial pathology, and their required treatment may be elusive to all but those specialty trained in oral and maxillofacial tumor surgery. Following accurate diagnosis, odontogenic cysts and tumors must be precisely managed with curative intent in that the first surgical intervention is often the best opportunity to provide cure. Therein, the principles of odontogenic cyst and tumor surgery represent practical constructs for the surgical removal of benign entities of the head and region, specifically regarding scientifically applied techniques of marsupialization, enucleation and curettage, and anatomic barrier and liner margin principles associated with resections of the jaws. A thorough understanding by the surgeon of the biologic behavior of odontogenic lesions, particularly their infiltration or respect of surrounding anatomic barriers, translates to the ability to offer patients evidence-based treatment recommendations for these cysts and tumors with high rates of durable cure.