Abstract
The study objective was to integrate noncontact mapping and intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) in a single catheter system that enables both electrical and anatomical imaging of the endocardium. We developed a catheter system on the basis of a 9-F sheath that carried a coaxial 64-electrode lumen-probe on the outside and a central ICE catheter (9 F, 9 MHz) on the inside. The sheath was placed in the right atrium (RA) of 3 dogs, and in the left ventricle (LV) of 3 other dogs. To construct cardiac anatomy, the ICE catheter was pulled back over several beats inside the sheath starting from the tip and two-dimensional tomographic images were continuously acquired. To recover endocardial electrograms, the probe was advanced over the sheath and single-beat noncontact electrograms were simultaneously recorded. Endocardial contact electrodes were placed at select sites for validation as well as for pacing. Three-dimensional electrical-anatomical images reconstructed during sinus and paced rhythms correctly associated RA and LV activation sequences with underlying endocardial anatomy (overall activation error = 3.4 ± 3.2 ms; overall spatial error = 8.0 ± 3.5 mm). Therefore, accurate fusion of electrical imaging with anatomical imaging during catheterization is feasible. Integrating single-beat noncontact mapping with ICE provides detailed, three-dimensional electrical-anatomical images of the endocardium, which may facilitate management of arrhythmias.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 573-584 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | Annals of biomedical engineering |
Volume | 32 |
Issue number | 4 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Apr 2004 |
Keywords
- Bioelectric phenomena/Electrophysiology
- Cardiac mapping
- Imaging/Ultrasound
- Inverse electrocardiology
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Biomedical Engineering