TY - JOUR
T1 - Noncalcified coronary atherosclerotic plaque and immune activation in HIV-infected women
AU - Fitch, Kathleen V.
AU - Srinivasa, Suman
AU - Abbara, Suhny
AU - Burdo, Tricia H.
AU - Williams, Kenneth C.
AU - Eneh, Peace
AU - Lo, Janet
AU - Grinspoon, Steven K.
N1 - Funding Information:
Financial support. This work was supported by Bristol Myers Squibb and the National Institutes of Health (grants K24 DK064545 and R01 HL095123-04 to S. K. G., K23 HL092792 to J. L., NS37654 and NS40237 to K.C.W; NIH M01-RR-01066 and 1 ULI RR025758-01 to the Clinical Translational and Science Center and National Center for Research Resources; and P30 DK40561 to the Nutrition Obesity Research Center at Harvard). Funding sources had no role in the design of the study, data analysis, or the writing of the manuscript.
PY - 2013/12/1
Y1 - 2013/12/1
N2 - Background. Little is known about coronary plaque in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women. Methods. Sixty HIV-infected and 30 non-HIV-infected women without symptoms or history of cardiovascular disease were recruited to assess coronary plaque with coronary computed tomographic angiography and immune activation. Data from 102 HIV-infected men and 41 non-HIV-infected male controls were compared. Results. HIV-infected women demonstrated significantly higher percentages of segments with noncalcified plaque (mean ± SD, 74% ± 28% vs 23% ± 39% compared to female control subjects; median [interquartile range], 75% [63%-100%] vs 0% [0%-56%]; P = .007) and more segments with noncalcified plaque (mean ± SD, 0.92 ± 1.48 vs 0.40 ± 1.44; median [interquartile range], 0 [0-2] vs 0 [0-0]; P = .04). Immune activation parameters, including soluble CD163 (sCD163; P = .006), CXCL10 (P = .002), and percentages of CD14+CD16+ monocytes (P = .008), were higher in HIV-infected women than in female control subjects, but no differences were seen in general inflammatory markers. Among HIV-infected women with noncalcified coronary plaque, sCD163 levels were significantly higher than in HIV-infected women without noncalcified plaque (P = .04). In multivariate modeling for sCD163 levels among male and female subjects, significant effects of HIV (P < .0001), age (P = .002), and sex (P = .0002) were seen. Conclusions. Young, asymptomatic, HIV-infected women, demonstrate increased noncalcified coronary plaque and increased immune activation, particularly monocyte activation. Independent effects of sex, HIV status, and aging on immune activation may contribute to cardiovascular disease in this population. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT00455793.
AB - Background. Little is known about coronary plaque in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women. Methods. Sixty HIV-infected and 30 non-HIV-infected women without symptoms or history of cardiovascular disease were recruited to assess coronary plaque with coronary computed tomographic angiography and immune activation. Data from 102 HIV-infected men and 41 non-HIV-infected male controls were compared. Results. HIV-infected women demonstrated significantly higher percentages of segments with noncalcified plaque (mean ± SD, 74% ± 28% vs 23% ± 39% compared to female control subjects; median [interquartile range], 75% [63%-100%] vs 0% [0%-56%]; P = .007) and more segments with noncalcified plaque (mean ± SD, 0.92 ± 1.48 vs 0.40 ± 1.44; median [interquartile range], 0 [0-2] vs 0 [0-0]; P = .04). Immune activation parameters, including soluble CD163 (sCD163; P = .006), CXCL10 (P = .002), and percentages of CD14+CD16+ monocytes (P = .008), were higher in HIV-infected women than in female control subjects, but no differences were seen in general inflammatory markers. Among HIV-infected women with noncalcified coronary plaque, sCD163 levels were significantly higher than in HIV-infected women without noncalcified plaque (P = .04). In multivariate modeling for sCD163 levels among male and female subjects, significant effects of HIV (P < .0001), age (P = .002), and sex (P = .0002) were seen. Conclusions. Young, asymptomatic, HIV-infected women, demonstrate increased noncalcified coronary plaque and increased immune activation, particularly monocyte activation. Independent effects of sex, HIV status, and aging on immune activation may contribute to cardiovascular disease in this population. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT00455793.
KW - Age
KW - Atherosclerosis
KW - Cardiovascular disease
KW - HIV
KW - Immune activation
KW - Non-calcified coronary plaque
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84888611154&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84888611154&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/infdis/jit508
DO - 10.1093/infdis/jit508
M3 - Article
C2 - 24041790
AN - SCOPUS:84888611154
SN - 0022-1899
VL - 208
SP - 1737
EP - 1746
JO - The Journal of infectious diseases
JF - The Journal of infectious diseases
IS - 11
ER -