TY - JOUR
T1 - New ultrasound techniques promise further advances in AKI and CKD
AU - Hull, Travis D.
AU - Agarwal, Anupam
AU - Hoyt, Kenneth
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by funds provided by the Department of Bioengineering at the University of Texas at Dallas, National Institutes of Health grants K25EB017222 and R21CA212851, Texas CPRIT award RR150010 (to K.H.), and National Institutes of Health grants P30 DK079337 and R01 DK059600 (to A.A.).
PY - 2017/12
Y1 - 2017/12
N2 - AKI and CKD are important clinical problems because they affectmany patients and the associated diagnostic and treatment paradigms are imperfect. Ultrasound is a cost-effective, noninvasive, and simple imaging modality that offers a multitude of means to improve the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of both AKI and CKD, especially considering recent advances in this technique. Ultrasound alone can attenuate AKI and prevent CKD by stimulating the splenic cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Additionally,microbubble contrast agents are improving the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound for diagnosing kidney disease, especially when these agents are conjugated to ligand-specific mAbs or peptides, which make the dynamic assessment of disease progression and response to treatment possible.More recently, drug-loadedmicrobubbles have been developed and the load release by ultrasound exposure has been shown to be a highly specific treatment modality, making the potential applications of ultrasound even more promising. This review focuses on the multiple strategies for using ultrasound with and without microbubble technology for enhancing our understanding of the pathophysiology of AKI and CKD.
AB - AKI and CKD are important clinical problems because they affectmany patients and the associated diagnostic and treatment paradigms are imperfect. Ultrasound is a cost-effective, noninvasive, and simple imaging modality that offers a multitude of means to improve the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of both AKI and CKD, especially considering recent advances in this technique. Ultrasound alone can attenuate AKI and prevent CKD by stimulating the splenic cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Additionally,microbubble contrast agents are improving the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound for diagnosing kidney disease, especially when these agents are conjugated to ligand-specific mAbs or peptides, which make the dynamic assessment of disease progression and response to treatment possible.More recently, drug-loadedmicrobubbles have been developed and the load release by ultrasound exposure has been shown to be a highly specific treatment modality, making the potential applications of ultrasound even more promising. This review focuses on the multiple strategies for using ultrasound with and without microbubble technology for enhancing our understanding of the pathophysiology of AKI and CKD.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85038419957&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85038419957&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1681/ASN.2017060647
DO - 10.1681/ASN.2017060647
M3 - Review article
C2 - 28923914
AN - SCOPUS:85038419957
SN - 1046-6673
VL - 28
SP - 3452
EP - 3460
JO - Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
JF - Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
IS - 12
ER -