Metabolic syndrome

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapter

9 Scopus citations

Abstract

The metabolic syndrome is a multiple risk factor complex for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). These risk factors consist of atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, elevated plasma glucose, a prothrombotic state, and a pro-inflammatory state. The presence of the metabolic syndrome doubles the risk for ASCVD and causes a fivefold increase in the risk for type 2 diabetes. Multiple factors contribute to the syndrome. The most important is overnutrition combined with catabolic defects in individual risk parameters. The accumulation of ectopic lipid in target tissues appears to be a common denominator in risk factor development. Most individuals with metabolic syndrome exhibit insulin resistance, and most also manifest upper body obesity. Both these abnormalities are produced largely by overnutrition. Primary management of metabolic syndrome is caloric restriction combined with increased physical activity. If this approach does not eliminate affected risk factors, consideration must be given to the use of drug therapies to treat individual risk factors.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Title of host publicationEndocrinology (Switzerland)
PublisherSpringer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Pages71-107
Number of pages37
DOIs
StatePublished - 2020

Publication series

NameEndocrinology (Switzerland)
ISSN (Print)2510-1927
ISSN (Electronic)2510-1935

Keywords

  • Ectopic fat
  • Insulin resistance
  • Metabolic syndrome
  • Overnutrition
  • Type 2 diabetes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
  • Endocrinology

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