TY - JOUR
T1 - Mammalian phospholipase C
AU - Kadamur, Ganesh
AU - Ross, Elliott M.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors' work reported herein was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the IFORES program of the Universitätsklinikum Essen.
PY - 2013/2/10
Y1 - 2013/2/10
N2 - Phospholipase C (PLC) converts phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). DAG and IP3 each control diverse cellular processes and are also substrates for synthesis of other important signaling molecules. PLC is thus central to many important interlocking regulatory networks. Mammals express six families of PLCs, each with both unique and overlapping controls over expression and subcellular distribution. Each PLC also responds acutely to its own spectrum of activators that includes heterotrimeric G protein subunits, protein tyrosine kinases, small G proteins, Ca2+, and phospholipids. Mammalian PLCs are autoinhibited by a region in the catalytic TIM barrel domain that is the target of much of their acute regulation. In combination, the PLCs act as a signaling nexus that integrates numerous signaling inputs, critically governs PIP2 levels, and regulates production of important second messengers to determine cell behavior over the millisecond to hour timescale.
AB - Phospholipase C (PLC) converts phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). DAG and IP3 each control diverse cellular processes and are also substrates for synthesis of other important signaling molecules. PLC is thus central to many important interlocking regulatory networks. Mammals express six families of PLCs, each with both unique and overlapping controls over expression and subcellular distribution. Each PLC also responds acutely to its own spectrum of activators that includes heterotrimeric G protein subunits, protein tyrosine kinases, small G proteins, Ca2+, and phospholipids. Mammalian PLCs are autoinhibited by a region in the catalytic TIM barrel domain that is the target of much of their acute regulation. In combination, the PLCs act as a signaling nexus that integrates numerous signaling inputs, critically governs PIP2 levels, and regulates production of important second messengers to determine cell behavior over the millisecond to hour timescale.
KW - Ca
KW - Diacylglycerol
KW - G protein
KW - Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
KW - Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
KW - Protein tyrosine kinase
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U2 - 10.1146/annurev-physiol-030212-183750
DO - 10.1146/annurev-physiol-030212-183750
M3 - Review article
C2 - 23140367
AN - SCOPUS:84873657250
SN - 0066-4278
VL - 75
SP - 127
EP - 154
JO - Annual review of physiology
JF - Annual review of physiology
ER -