Long-Term Urological Response of Neonates With Myelodysplasia Treated Proactively With Intermittent Catheterization and Anticholinergic Therapy

Purpose: Urinary tract management in children with myelodysplasia is controversial. Some advocate observation alone, while others believe that the prophylactic institution of intermittent catheterization and anticholinergic therapy may help to prevent deterioration. Materials and Methods: A nonrandomized prospective study was instituted to compare the urological outcomes of a cohort of children who were at risk for urological deterioration on the basis of bladder-sphincter dyssynergia and/or high filling or voiding pressures. Those at risk were observed until deterioration occurred, or were placed on prophylactic intermittent catheterization with or without anticholinergic medication. Results: Of 44 children at risk 35 followed by observation alone had urinary tract deterioration, whereas only 3 of 20 at risk treated with prophylactic intermittent catheterization had deterioration with time. Conclusions: Proactive bladder treatment significantly reduced the incidence of upper urinary tract deterioration and need for surgical intervention.