Hydrogen peroxide solution ingestion caused brain death of a 3-year-old girl

Hydrogen peroxide solutions are often used in daily life as a household disinfectant and in cosmetic products and are therefore a common source of intentional poisonings, especially for children. When ingested in small amounts, it may cause severe central nervous system damage as a result of arterial emboli like our case. The benefit of hyperbaric oxygen treatment in this situation is known, but the neurologic deficits of our case did not improve with this method and finally brain death occurred. This is may be related by the timing of treatment after the event. We would like to emphasize that every clinician must be aware of the dangers of hydrogen peroxide ingestion and hyperbaric oxygen treatment may be of benefit if it is performed immediately.