Human papillomavirus vaccination coverage among sexually active young adults aged 18 to 26 at a sexually transmitted infections clinic

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is the most effective biomedical intervention for HPV infections. HPV vaccination rate among sexually active young adults is largely unknown. Methods: Patients aged 18–26 years, who attended the Rhode Island Sexually Transmitted Infections Clinic between 2013–2018, were included in the study. We extracted demographics, behavioral characteristics, and HPV vaccination status from electronic medical records. Exploratory logistic regressions were conducted to identify factors associated with vaccination status. Results: Among 2729 eligible individuals, the median age was 23 years (interquartile range: 22–25). Only 8.1% of males and 24.8% of females received at least one dose of HPV vaccine. Females were 144% (crude odds ratio [cOR]: 2.44, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.03, 2.94) more likely to receive at least one dose of HPV vaccine than males. Being Black/African American (B/AA) or Hispanic/Latino (H/L) was associated with a 21% (cOR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.62, 1.00) and 34% (cOR: 0.66, 95% CI: 0.53, 0.81) decrease in the odds of vaccination, respectively. Conclusions: HPV vaccination rate was low among sexually active young adults. Gender and racial/ethnic disparities existed in HPV vaccination. Interventions are needed to promote HPV vaccination among sexually active young adults, especially B/AA and H/L communities.