TY - JOUR
T1 - Evolution of anaplastic thyroid cancer management
T2 - perspectives in the era of precision oncology
AU - Agosto Salgado, Sarimar
N1 - Funding Information:
The author received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), 2021.
PY - 2021
Y1 - 2021
N2 - Anaplastic thyroid cancer is a rare aggressive malignancy resulting in poor outcomes, including significant morbidity and mortality. Historically, the overall survival of patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer has been less than 12 months. Multidisciplinary approaches combining surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy have been implemented to control this ominous disease. The evolution in science and technology has promoted deeper knowledge in the genetic pathways and mechanisms driving advance thyroid cancer. Furthermore, understanding molecular pathways resulted in the application of antineoplastic agents used in other tumors to thyroid cancer and the development of new highly selective drugs. A major landmark in anaplastic thyroid cancer management history was recently reached with the approval of BRAF and MEK inhibitor combination, specifically dabrafenib and trametinib for BRAF-mutated anaplastic thyroid cancer; this treatment has improved survival and outcomes in this population. Similarly, newer kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy are further shifting advanced thyroid cancer management to consider as first-line therapy inhibiting actionable oncogenic alterations. Therefore, newer treatment paradigms are incorporating molecular testing to provide personalized cancer care in anaplastic thyroid cancer. In this review, the principal aim is to provide an overview of the available international data on tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy in the management of anaplastic thyroid cancer.
AB - Anaplastic thyroid cancer is a rare aggressive malignancy resulting in poor outcomes, including significant morbidity and mortality. Historically, the overall survival of patients with anaplastic thyroid cancer has been less than 12 months. Multidisciplinary approaches combining surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy have been implemented to control this ominous disease. The evolution in science and technology has promoted deeper knowledge in the genetic pathways and mechanisms driving advance thyroid cancer. Furthermore, understanding molecular pathways resulted in the application of antineoplastic agents used in other tumors to thyroid cancer and the development of new highly selective drugs. A major landmark in anaplastic thyroid cancer management history was recently reached with the approval of BRAF and MEK inhibitor combination, specifically dabrafenib and trametinib for BRAF-mutated anaplastic thyroid cancer; this treatment has improved survival and outcomes in this population. Similarly, newer kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy are further shifting advanced thyroid cancer management to consider as first-line therapy inhibiting actionable oncogenic alterations. Therefore, newer treatment paradigms are incorporating molecular testing to provide personalized cancer care in anaplastic thyroid cancer. In this review, the principal aim is to provide an overview of the available international data on tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy in the management of anaplastic thyroid cancer.
KW - anaplastic thyroid cancer
KW - dabrafenib
KW - precision oncology
KW - trametinib
KW - tyrosine kinase inhibitors
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U2 - 10.1177/20420188211054692
DO - 10.1177/20420188211054692
M3 - Review article
C2 - 34733469
AN - SCOPUS:85118313165
SN - 2042-0188
VL - 12
JO - Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism
JF - Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism
ER -