TY - JOUR
T1 - Elevated pre-transplant pulmonary vascular resistance is not associated with mortality in children without congenital heart disease
T2 - A multicenter study
AU - Richmond, Marc E.
AU - Law, Yuk M.
AU - Das, Bibhuti B.
AU - Everitt, Melanie D.
AU - Kukreja, Manisha
AU - Naftel, David C.
AU - Kemna, Mariska S.
AU - Henderson, Heather T.
AU - Beddows, Kimberly
AU - Fricker, F. Jay
AU - Mahle, William T.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. All rights reserved.
PY - 2015/3/1
Y1 - 2015/3/1
N2 - Background Traditionally, an elevated pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) has been a relative contraindication to pediatric orthotopic heart transplantation. This study examined the risk of elevated pre-transplant PVRI on early (30-day) and intermediate-term mortality in pediatric heart transplant recipients without congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods A review of the prospective multicenter Pediatric Heart Transplant Study registry identified all patients without CHD in whom a pre-transplant PVRI was recorded. Of 35 participating centers, 29 reported heart transplants in children with a markedly elevated PVRI (> 5 WU × m2, corresponding to the highest quartile). Multiphase parametric analysis was performed, adjusting for potential risk factors to assess the association of PVRI with early and intermediate-term mortality. Results Between 1993 and 2011, 1,909 children without CHD underwent heart transplantation at a median age of 9.7 years (range, 1.6 months-18 years). Of those, 795 (42%) had a recorded or calculable pre-transplant PVRI, and PVRI > 5 WU × m2 was present in 193 patients (24%). For all recipients, median pre-transplant PVRI was 3.15 WU × m2 (range, 0.4-23 WU × m2); 2.8 WU × m2 in infants < 1 year, 3.5 WU × m2 in patients aged 1 to 10 years, and 3.0 WU × m2 in patients aged > 10 years (p = 0.03). Multivariable hazard analysis controlling for graft ischemic time and pre-transplant ventilation showed no association of elevated PVRI with early mortality (relative risk, 1.2; p = 0.66), nor with intermediate mortality when controlled for year of transplant, age, race, and pre-sensitization (relative risk, 0.7; p = 0.27). Conclusions Elevation of PVRI did not affect post-transplant survival in this large, multicenter cohort of pediatric heart transplant recipients without CHD, suggesting that the barrier of elevated PVRI can be successfully overcome in this population.
AB - Background Traditionally, an elevated pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI) has been a relative contraindication to pediatric orthotopic heart transplantation. This study examined the risk of elevated pre-transplant PVRI on early (30-day) and intermediate-term mortality in pediatric heart transplant recipients without congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods A review of the prospective multicenter Pediatric Heart Transplant Study registry identified all patients without CHD in whom a pre-transplant PVRI was recorded. Of 35 participating centers, 29 reported heart transplants in children with a markedly elevated PVRI (> 5 WU × m2, corresponding to the highest quartile). Multiphase parametric analysis was performed, adjusting for potential risk factors to assess the association of PVRI with early and intermediate-term mortality. Results Between 1993 and 2011, 1,909 children without CHD underwent heart transplantation at a median age of 9.7 years (range, 1.6 months-18 years). Of those, 795 (42%) had a recorded or calculable pre-transplant PVRI, and PVRI > 5 WU × m2 was present in 193 patients (24%). For all recipients, median pre-transplant PVRI was 3.15 WU × m2 (range, 0.4-23 WU × m2); 2.8 WU × m2 in infants < 1 year, 3.5 WU × m2 in patients aged 1 to 10 years, and 3.0 WU × m2 in patients aged > 10 years (p = 0.03). Multivariable hazard analysis controlling for graft ischemic time and pre-transplant ventilation showed no association of elevated PVRI with early mortality (relative risk, 1.2; p = 0.66), nor with intermediate mortality when controlled for year of transplant, age, race, and pre-sensitization (relative risk, 0.7; p = 0.27). Conclusions Elevation of PVRI did not affect post-transplant survival in this large, multicenter cohort of pediatric heart transplant recipients without CHD, suggesting that the barrier of elevated PVRI can be successfully overcome in this population.
KW - cardiomyopathy
KW - heart transplant outcome
KW - mortality
KW - pediatric
KW - pulmonary vascular resistance index
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U2 - 10.1016/j.healun.2014.04.021
DO - 10.1016/j.healun.2014.04.021
M3 - Article
C2 - 24906793
AN - SCOPUS:84925368799
SN - 1053-2498
VL - 34
SP - 448
EP - 456
JO - Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
JF - Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation
IS - 3
ER -