TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of Age and Sex on Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury
AU - Cardim, Danilo
AU - Czosnyka, Marek
AU - Chandrapatham, Karthikka
AU - Badenes, Rafael
AU - Bertuccio, Alessandro
AU - Noto, Anna Di
AU - Donnelly, Joseph
AU - Pelosi, Paolo
AU - Ball, Lorenzo
AU - Hutchinson, Peter J.
AU - Robba, Chiara
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Copyright © 2020 Cardim, Czosnyka, Chandrapatham, Badenes, Bertuccio, Noto, Donnelly, Pelosi, Ball, Hutchinson and Robba.
PY - 2020/8/7
Y1 - 2020/8/7
N2 - The measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) has been reported as a non-invasive marker for intracranial pressure (ICP). Nevertheless, it is uncertain whether possible ONSD differences occur with age and sex in healthy and brain-injured populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sex and age on ONSD in healthy volunteers and patients with traumatic brain injury. We prospectively included 122 healthy adult volunteers (Galliera Hospital, Genova, Italy), and compared age/sex dependence of ONSD to 95 adult patients (Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK) with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) requiring intubation and invasive ICP monitoring. The two groups were stratified for sex and age. Age was divided into 3 subgroups: (1) young adults: 18–44 years; (2) middle-aged adults: 45–64 years; (3) old adults: >65 years. In healthy volunteers, ONSD was significantly different between males and females [median (interquartile range): 4.2 (3.9–4.6) mm vs. 4.1 (3.6–4.2) mm (p = 0.01), respectively] and was correlated with age (R = 0.50, p < 0.0001). ONSD was significantly increased in group 3 compared to groups 2 and 1, indicating that ONSD values are higher in elderly subjects. In TBI patients, no differences in ONSD were found for sex and the correlation between ONSD and age was non-significant (R = 0.13, p = 0.20). ONSD increases with age and is significantly larger for males in healthy volunteers but not in TBI patients. Different ONSD cut-off values need not be age- or sex-adjusted for the assessment of increased ICP in TBI patients.
AB - The measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) has been reported as a non-invasive marker for intracranial pressure (ICP). Nevertheless, it is uncertain whether possible ONSD differences occur with age and sex in healthy and brain-injured populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sex and age on ONSD in healthy volunteers and patients with traumatic brain injury. We prospectively included 122 healthy adult volunteers (Galliera Hospital, Genova, Italy), and compared age/sex dependence of ONSD to 95 adult patients (Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK) with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) requiring intubation and invasive ICP monitoring. The two groups were stratified for sex and age. Age was divided into 3 subgroups: (1) young adults: 18–44 years; (2) middle-aged adults: 45–64 years; (3) old adults: >65 years. In healthy volunteers, ONSD was significantly different between males and females [median (interquartile range): 4.2 (3.9–4.6) mm vs. 4.1 (3.6–4.2) mm (p = 0.01), respectively] and was correlated with age (R = 0.50, p < 0.0001). ONSD was significantly increased in group 3 compared to groups 2 and 1, indicating that ONSD values are higher in elderly subjects. In TBI patients, no differences in ONSD were found for sex and the correlation between ONSD and age was non-significant (R = 0.13, p = 0.20). ONSD increases with age and is significantly larger for males in healthy volunteers but not in TBI patients. Different ONSD cut-off values need not be age- or sex-adjusted for the assessment of increased ICP in TBI patients.
KW - healthy volunteers
KW - intracranial pressure
KW - optic nerve sheath diameter
KW - traumatic brain injury
KW - ultrasonography
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85089852172&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85089852172&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3389/fneur.2020.00764
DO - 10.3389/fneur.2020.00764
M3 - Article
C2 - 32849220
AN - SCOPUS:85089852172
SN - 1664-2295
VL - 11
JO - Frontiers in Neurology
JF - Frontiers in Neurology
M1 - 764
ER -