TY - JOUR
T1 - Cross-sectional analysis of racial differences in hydration and neighborhood deprivation in young adults
AU - Robinson, Austin T.
AU - Linder, Braxton A.
AU - Barnett, Alex M.
AU - Jeong, Soolim
AU - Sanchez, Sofia O.
AU - Nichols, Olivia I.
AU - McIntosh, Mason C.
AU - Hutchison, Zach J.
AU - Tharpe, McKenna A.
AU - Watso, Joseph C.
AU - Gutiérrez, Orlando M.
AU - Fuller-Rowell, Thomas E.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 American Society for Nutrition
PY - 2023/10
Y1 - 2023/10
N2 - Background: Inadequate hydration is associated with cardiovascular and kidney disease morbidity and all-cause mortality. Compared with White individuals, Black individuals exhibit a higher prevalence of inadequate hydration, which may contribute to racial health disparities. However, the underlying reasons for these differences in hydration remain unclear. Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether neighborhood deprivation contributes to racial differences in hydration status. Methods: We assessed 24 Black and 30 White college students, measuring 24-hour urine osmolality, urine flow rate, urine specific gravity, and plasma copeptin concentration. Participants recorded their food and fluid intake for 3 d to assess total water intake from food and beverages. Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation was measured using a tract-level Area Deprivation Index. Results: Black participants exhibited higher urine osmolality (640 [314] compared with 440 [283] mOsm/kg H2O, respectively, P = 0.006) and lower urine flow rate (1.06 [0.65] compared with 1.71 [0.89] ml/min, respectively, P = 0.009) compared with White participants, indicating greater hypohydration among Black participants. Black participants reported lower total water intake from food and beverages than White participants (2.3 ± 0.7 compared with 3.5 ± 1.1 L/day, respectively, P < 0.01). Black participants exhibited higher copeptin than White participants (6.3 [3.1] compared with 4.5 [2.3] pmol/L, P = 0.046), and urine osmolality mediated 67% of the difference (P = 0.027). Black participants reported greater cumulative exposure to neighborhood deprivation during childhood (ages 0–18 y). Furthermore, neighborhood deprivation during childhood was associated with urine specific gravity (P = 0.031) and total water intake from food and beverages (P = 0.042) but did not mediate the racial differences in these measures. Conclusion: Our data suggest that compared with White young adults, Black young adults are hypohydrated and exhibit higher plasma copeptin concentration, and that greater neighborhood deprivation is associated with chronic underhydration irrespective of race. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04576338.
AB - Background: Inadequate hydration is associated with cardiovascular and kidney disease morbidity and all-cause mortality. Compared with White individuals, Black individuals exhibit a higher prevalence of inadequate hydration, which may contribute to racial health disparities. However, the underlying reasons for these differences in hydration remain unclear. Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate whether neighborhood deprivation contributes to racial differences in hydration status. Methods: We assessed 24 Black and 30 White college students, measuring 24-hour urine osmolality, urine flow rate, urine specific gravity, and plasma copeptin concentration. Participants recorded their food and fluid intake for 3 d to assess total water intake from food and beverages. Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation was measured using a tract-level Area Deprivation Index. Results: Black participants exhibited higher urine osmolality (640 [314] compared with 440 [283] mOsm/kg H2O, respectively, P = 0.006) and lower urine flow rate (1.06 [0.65] compared with 1.71 [0.89] ml/min, respectively, P = 0.009) compared with White participants, indicating greater hypohydration among Black participants. Black participants reported lower total water intake from food and beverages than White participants (2.3 ± 0.7 compared with 3.5 ± 1.1 L/day, respectively, P < 0.01). Black participants exhibited higher copeptin than White participants (6.3 [3.1] compared with 4.5 [2.3] pmol/L, P = 0.046), and urine osmolality mediated 67% of the difference (P = 0.027). Black participants reported greater cumulative exposure to neighborhood deprivation during childhood (ages 0–18 y). Furthermore, neighborhood deprivation during childhood was associated with urine specific gravity (P = 0.031) and total water intake from food and beverages (P = 0.042) but did not mediate the racial differences in these measures. Conclusion: Our data suggest that compared with White young adults, Black young adults are hypohydrated and exhibit higher plasma copeptin concentration, and that greater neighborhood deprivation is associated with chronic underhydration irrespective of race. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04576338.
KW - arginine vasopressin
KW - cardiometabolic risk
KW - fluid intake
KW - racial disparities
KW - social determinants of health
KW - urine osmolality
KW - urine specific gravity
KW - water intake
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85170217786&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.08.005
DO - 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.08.005
M3 - Article
C2 - 37619651
AN - SCOPUS:85170217786
SN - 0002-9165
VL - 118
SP - 822
EP - 833
JO - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
IS - 4
ER -