TY - JOUR
T1 - Commensal microbiota regulates T cell fate decision in the gut
AU - Furusawa, Yukihiro
AU - Obata, Yuuki
AU - Hase, Koji
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part with grants from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (24117723 to K.H. and 24890293 to Y.F.), the Japan Science and Technology Agency (K.H.), and the Ministry of Health Labour and Welfare (K.H.).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
PY - 2015/1
Y1 - 2015/1
N2 - Commensal microbiota shapes the intestinal immune system by regulating T helper(TH)cell lineage differentiation. For example, Bacteroides fragilis colonization not only optimizes the systemic TH1/TH2 balance, but also can induce regulatory T (Treg) cell differentiation in the gut. In addition, segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) facilitate the development of TH17 cells in the small intestine. The 17 strains within clusters IV, XIVa, and XVIII of Clostridiales found in human feces can also induce the differentiation and expansion of Treg cells in the colon. Thus, the regulation of THcell differentiation by commensal bacteria is evident; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes remain uncertain. Recent studies have demonstrated that bacterial components, as well as their metabolites, play a central role in regulating THcell development. Furthermore, these metabolites can elicit changes in histone posttranslational modification to modify the expression of critical regulators of T cell fate. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms and biological significance of microbiota-dependent THdifferentiation.
AB - Commensal microbiota shapes the intestinal immune system by regulating T helper(TH)cell lineage differentiation. For example, Bacteroides fragilis colonization not only optimizes the systemic TH1/TH2 balance, but also can induce regulatory T (Treg) cell differentiation in the gut. In addition, segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) facilitate the development of TH17 cells in the small intestine. The 17 strains within clusters IV, XIVa, and XVIII of Clostridiales found in human feces can also induce the differentiation and expansion of Treg cells in the colon. Thus, the regulation of THcell differentiation by commensal bacteria is evident; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying these processes remain uncertain. Recent studies have demonstrated that bacterial components, as well as their metabolites, play a central role in regulating THcell development. Furthermore, these metabolites can elicit changes in histone posttranslational modification to modify the expression of critical regulators of T cell fate. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms and biological significance of microbiota-dependent THdifferentiation.
KW - DNA methylation
KW - Histone modifications
KW - Microbiota
KW - Regulatory T cells
KW - T17 cells
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U2 - 10.1007/s00281-014-0455-3
DO - 10.1007/s00281-014-0455-3
M3 - Review article
C2 - 25315350
AN - SCOPUS:84920072945
SN - 1863-2297
VL - 37
SP - 17
EP - 25
JO - Seminars in Immunopathology
JF - Seminars in Immunopathology
IS - 1
ER -