TY - JOUR
T1 - Combining target enrichment and Sanger sequencing data to clarify the systematics of the diverse Neotropical butterfly subtribe Euptychiina (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae)
AU - Espeland, Marianne
AU - Nakahara, Shinichi
AU - Zacca, Thamara
AU - Barbosa, Eduardo P.
AU - Huertas, Blanca
AU - Marín, Mario A.
AU - Lamas, Gerardo
AU - Benmesbah, Mohamed
AU - Brévignon, Christian
AU - Casagrande, Mirna M.
AU - Fåhraeus, Christer
AU - Grishin, Nick
AU - Kawahara, Akito Y.
AU - Mielke, Olaf H.H.
AU - Miller, Jacqueline Y.
AU - Nakamura, Ichiro
AU - Navas, Vanessa
AU - Patrusky, Brooke
AU - Pyrcz, Tomasz W.
AU - Richards, Lindsay
AU - Tan, Denise
AU - Tyler, Stephanie
AU - Viloria, Ángel
AU - Warren, Andrew D.
AU - Xiao, Lei
AU - Freitas, André V.L.
AU - Willmott, Keith R.
N1 - Funding Information:
We are grateful to the Ecuadorian Ministerio del Ambiente, Agua, y Transición Ecológica, the Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, and S. Villamarín, S. Nogales and D. Inclán for institutional support for field work in Ecuador. We thank G. Gallice, D. Janzen, N. E. Pierce, C. Hamm, J. Hall, J. C. and J. I. Robinson Willmott, D. J. Lohman, D. Briceño, G. Accacio, D. Silva, J. Imamura, P. Kongnoo, K. S. Brown, K. Hemeon, D. Melo, G. Watson, C. J. Muller, A. J. Gardiner, L. Kaminski, R. Vila, N. Vannucci, V. Lukhtanov, S. Fisher, S. Sáfián, R. Eastwood, R. Greve, F. Hsu and W.J. Lin for helping to provide samples or data. G. Kassu, T. Pomerantz, S. Nguyentran, V. Ficarotta, A. Quinn, B. Arthur, B. Milo, C. Doll, K. Kallam, K. Kleckner, and N. Okuthe helped in the molecular lab. We also thank S. Ledger and R. Crowther, project staff at NHMUK. Thanks to A. Neild, G., Martin, J. Clavijo, S. Rab Green, D. Grimaldi, C. Peña, G. Fagua, R. Nguyen, J. Pierre, M. Duarte for providing access to scientific collections and/or sending information. Brazilian specimens are registered in the SISGEN (A8C6E41). This work was supported by NSF (K. R. Willmott, A. Y. Kawahara and J. Y. Miller: DEB‐0639861, DEB‐1256742), FAPESP (A. V. L. Freitas: 2011/50225‐3, 2012/50260‐6, 2013/50297‐0, 2021/03868‐8; E. P. Barbosa: 2016/15873‐8, 2018/21432‐0; M. A. Marín: 2014/16481‐0; T. Zacca: 2017/02264‐6, 2019/14735‐9), the CNPq (A. V. L. Freitas: 303834/2015‐3, 563332/2010‐7, 304291/2020‐0; E. P. Barbosa: 162673/2020‐5; M. M. Casagrande and O. H. H. Mielke: 308247/2013‐2, 304639/2014‐1; T. Zacca: 140225/2013‐7), the CAPES (T. Zacca: 99999.002879/2014‐00, 140225/2013‐7), and by USAID/U.S. National Academy of Sciences (NAS) (A. V. L. Freitas, K. R. Willmott: grant number AID‐OAA‐A‐11‐00012). This publication is part of the RedeLep ‘Rede Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Lepidópteros’ SISBIOTABrasil/CNPq (563332/2010‐7). Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
Funding Information:
We are grateful to the Ecuadorian Ministerio del Ambiente, Agua, y Transición Ecológica, the Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, and S. Villamarín, S. Nogales and D. Inclán for institutional support for field work in Ecuador. We thank G. Gallice, D. Janzen, N. E. Pierce, C. Hamm, J. Hall, J. C. and J. I. Robinson Willmott, D. J. Lohman, D. Briceño, G. Accacio, D. Silva, J. Imamura, P. Kongnoo, K. S. Brown, K. Hemeon, D. Melo, G. Watson, C. J. Muller, A. J. Gardiner, L. Kaminski, R. Vila, N. Vannucci, V. Lukhtanov, S. Fisher, S. Sáfián, R. Eastwood, R. Greve, F. Hsu and W.J. Lin for helping to provide samples or data. G. Kassu, T. Pomerantz, S. Nguyentran, V. Ficarotta, A. Quinn, B. Arthur, B. Milo, C. Doll, K. Kallam, K. Kleckner, and N. Okuthe helped in the molecular lab. We also thank S. Ledger and R. Crowther, project staff at NHMUK. Thanks to A. Neild, G., Martin, J. Clavijo, S. Rab Green, D. Grimaldi, C. Peña, G. Fagua, R. Nguyen, J. Pierre, M. Duarte for providing access to scientific collections and/or sending information. Brazilian specimens are registered in the SISGEN (A8C6E41). This work was supported by NSF (K. R. Willmott, A. Y. Kawahara and J. Y. Miller: DEB-0639861, DEB-1256742), FAPESP (A. V. L. Freitas: 2011/50225-3, 2012/50260-6, 2013/50297-0, 2021/03868-8; E. P. Barbosa: 2016/15873-8, 2018/21432-0; M. A. Marín: 2014/16481-0; T. Zacca: 2017/02264-6, 2019/14735-9), the CNPq (A. V. L. Freitas: 303834/2015-3, 563332/2010-7, 304291/2020-0; E. P. Barbosa: 162673/2020-5; M. M. Casagrande and O. H. H. Mielke: 308247/2013-2, 304639/2014-1; T. Zacca: 140225/2013-7), the CAPES (T. Zacca: 99999.002879/2014-00, 140225/2013-7), and by USAID/U.S. National Academy of Sciences (NAS) (A. V. L. Freitas, K. R. Willmott: grant number AID-OAA-A-11-00012). This publication is part of the RedeLep ‘Rede Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Lepidópteros’ SISBIOTABrasil/CNPq (563332/2010-7). Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 The Authors. Systematic Entomology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Royal Entomological Society.
PY - 2023/10
Y1 - 2023/10
N2 - The diverse, largely Neotropical subtribe Euptychiina is widely regarded as one of the most taxonomically challenging groups among all butterflies. Over the last two decades, morphological and molecular studies have revealed widespread paraphyly and polyphyly among genera, and a comprehensive, robust phylogenetic hypothesis is needed to build a firm generic classification to support ongoing taxonomic revisions at the species level. Here, we generated a dataset that includes sequences for up to nine nuclear genes and the mitochondrial COI ‘barcode’ for a total of 1280 specimens representing 449 described and undescribed species of Euptychiina and 39 out-groups, resulting in the most complete phylogeny for the subtribe to date. In combination with a recently developed genomic backbone tree, this dataset resulted in a topology with strong support for most branches. We recognize eight major clades that each contain two or more genera, together containing all but seven Euptychiina genera. We provide a summary of the taxonomy, diversity and natural history of each clade, and discuss taxonomic changes implied by the phylogenetic results. We describe nine new genera to accommodate 38 described species: Lazulina Willmott, Nakahara & Espeland, gen.n., Saurona Huertas & Willmott, gen.n., Argentaria Huertas & Willmott, gen.n., Taguaiba Freitas, Zacca & Siewert, gen.n., Xenovena Marín & Nakahara, gen.n., Deltaya Willmott, Nakahara & Espeland, gen.n., Modica Zacca, Casagrande & Willmott, gen.n., Occulta Nakahara & Willmott, gen.n., and Trico Nakahara & Espeland, gen.n. We also synonymize Nubila Viloria, Andrade & Henao, 2019 (syn.n.) with Splendeuptychia Forster, 1964, Macrocissia Viloria, Le Crom & Andrade, 2019 (syn.n.) with Satyrotaygetis Forster, 1964, and Rudyphthimoides Viloria, 2022 (syn.n.) with Malaveria Viloria & Benmesbah, 2020. Overall, we revised the generic placement of 79 species (74 new generic combinations and five revised combinations), and as a result all but six described species of Euptychiina are accommodated within 70 named, monophyletic genera. For all newly described genera, we provide illustrations of representative species, drawings of wing venation and male and (where possible) female genitalia, and distribution maps, and summarize the natural history of the genus. For three new monotypic genera, Occulta gen.n., Trico gen.n. and Xenovena gen.n. we provide a taxonomic revision with a review of the taxonomy of each species and data from examined specimens. We provide a revised synonymic list for Euptychiina containing 460 valid described species, 53 subspecies and 255 synonyms, including several new synonyms and reinstated species.
AB - The diverse, largely Neotropical subtribe Euptychiina is widely regarded as one of the most taxonomically challenging groups among all butterflies. Over the last two decades, morphological and molecular studies have revealed widespread paraphyly and polyphyly among genera, and a comprehensive, robust phylogenetic hypothesis is needed to build a firm generic classification to support ongoing taxonomic revisions at the species level. Here, we generated a dataset that includes sequences for up to nine nuclear genes and the mitochondrial COI ‘barcode’ for a total of 1280 specimens representing 449 described and undescribed species of Euptychiina and 39 out-groups, resulting in the most complete phylogeny for the subtribe to date. In combination with a recently developed genomic backbone tree, this dataset resulted in a topology with strong support for most branches. We recognize eight major clades that each contain two or more genera, together containing all but seven Euptychiina genera. We provide a summary of the taxonomy, diversity and natural history of each clade, and discuss taxonomic changes implied by the phylogenetic results. We describe nine new genera to accommodate 38 described species: Lazulina Willmott, Nakahara & Espeland, gen.n., Saurona Huertas & Willmott, gen.n., Argentaria Huertas & Willmott, gen.n., Taguaiba Freitas, Zacca & Siewert, gen.n., Xenovena Marín & Nakahara, gen.n., Deltaya Willmott, Nakahara & Espeland, gen.n., Modica Zacca, Casagrande & Willmott, gen.n., Occulta Nakahara & Willmott, gen.n., and Trico Nakahara & Espeland, gen.n. We also synonymize Nubila Viloria, Andrade & Henao, 2019 (syn.n.) with Splendeuptychia Forster, 1964, Macrocissia Viloria, Le Crom & Andrade, 2019 (syn.n.) with Satyrotaygetis Forster, 1964, and Rudyphthimoides Viloria, 2022 (syn.n.) with Malaveria Viloria & Benmesbah, 2020. Overall, we revised the generic placement of 79 species (74 new generic combinations and five revised combinations), and as a result all but six described species of Euptychiina are accommodated within 70 named, monophyletic genera. For all newly described genera, we provide illustrations of representative species, drawings of wing venation and male and (where possible) female genitalia, and distribution maps, and summarize the natural history of the genus. For three new monotypic genera, Occulta gen.n., Trico gen.n. and Xenovena gen.n. we provide a taxonomic revision with a review of the taxonomy of each species and data from examined specimens. We provide a revised synonymic list for Euptychiina containing 460 valid described species, 53 subspecies and 255 synonyms, including several new synonyms and reinstated species.
KW - distribution
KW - generic classification
KW - monophyly
KW - natural history
KW - synonymy
KW - taxonomy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85152427150&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85152427150&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/syen.12590
DO - 10.1111/syen.12590
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85152427150
SN - 0307-6970
VL - 48
SP - 498
EP - 570
JO - Systematic Entomology
JF - Systematic Entomology
IS - 4
ER -