TY - JOUR
T1 - Central and peripheral circadian clocks in mammals
AU - Mohawk, Jennifer A.
AU - Green, Carla B.
AU - Takahashi, Joseph S.
PY - 2012/7
Y1 - 2012/7
N2 - The circadian system ofmammals is composed of a hierarchy of oscillators that function at the cellular, tissue, and systems levels. A common molecular mechanism underlies the cell-autonomous circadian oscillator throughout the body, yet this clock system is adapted to different functional contexts. In the central suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, a coupled population of neuronal circadian oscillators acts as a master pacemaker for the organism to drive rhythms in activity and rest, feeding, body temperature, and hormones. Coupling within the SCN network confers robustness to the SCN pacemaker, which in turn provides stability to the overall temporal architecture of the organism. Throughout the majority of the cells in the body, cellautonomous circadian clocks are intimately enmeshed within metabolic pathways. Thus, an emerging view for the adaptive significance of circadian clocks is their fundamental role in orchestrating metabolism.
AB - The circadian system ofmammals is composed of a hierarchy of oscillators that function at the cellular, tissue, and systems levels. A common molecular mechanism underlies the cell-autonomous circadian oscillator throughout the body, yet this clock system is adapted to different functional contexts. In the central suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus, a coupled population of neuronal circadian oscillators acts as a master pacemaker for the organism to drive rhythms in activity and rest, feeding, body temperature, and hormones. Coupling within the SCN network confers robustness to the SCN pacemaker, which in turn provides stability to the overall temporal architecture of the organism. Throughout the majority of the cells in the body, cellautonomous circadian clocks are intimately enmeshed within metabolic pathways. Thus, an emerging view for the adaptive significance of circadian clocks is their fundamental role in orchestrating metabolism.
KW - clock genes
KW - metabolism
KW - oscillator coupling
KW - suprachiasmatic nucleus
KW - temperature
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84862675384&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84862675384&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1146/annurev-neuro-060909-153128
DO - 10.1146/annurev-neuro-060909-153128
M3 - Review article
C2 - 22483041
AN - SCOPUS:84862675384
SN - 0147-006X
VL - 35
SP - 445
EP - 462
JO - Annual Review of Neuroscience
JF - Annual Review of Neuroscience
ER -