TY - JOUR
T1 - Bone Marrow Changes and Lesions of Diabetic Foot and Ankle Disease
T2 - Conventional and Advanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging
AU - Bajaj, Gitanjali
AU - Chhabra, Avneesh
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc.. All rights reserved.
PY - 2023/3/3
Y1 - 2023/3/3
N2 - Diabetic foot and ankle complications contribute to substantial mortality and morbidity. Early detection and treatment can lead to better patient outcomes. The primary diagnostic challenge for radiologists is distinguishing Charcot's neuroarthropathy from osteomyelitis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred imaging modality for assessing diabetic bone marrow alterations and for identifying diabetic foot complications. Several recent technical advances in MRI, such as the Dixon technique, diffusion-weighted imaging, and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging, have led to improved image quality and increased capability to add more functional and quantitative information.We discuss the bone marrow abnormalities encountered in daily radiologic assessment: osteopenia, reactive bone marrow edema-like signal, insufficiency fractures, Charcot's neuroarthropathy, osteomyelitis, serous marrow atrophy, digital ischemia, and bone infarcts, along with their pathophysiology and the conventional and advanced imaging techniques used for a comprehensive marrow evaluation.
AB - Diabetic foot and ankle complications contribute to substantial mortality and morbidity. Early detection and treatment can lead to better patient outcomes. The primary diagnostic challenge for radiologists is distinguishing Charcot's neuroarthropathy from osteomyelitis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred imaging modality for assessing diabetic bone marrow alterations and for identifying diabetic foot complications. Several recent technical advances in MRI, such as the Dixon technique, diffusion-weighted imaging, and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging, have led to improved image quality and increased capability to add more functional and quantitative information.We discuss the bone marrow abnormalities encountered in daily radiologic assessment: osteopenia, reactive bone marrow edema-like signal, insufficiency fractures, Charcot's neuroarthropathy, osteomyelitis, serous marrow atrophy, digital ischemia, and bone infarcts, along with their pathophysiology and the conventional and advanced imaging techniques used for a comprehensive marrow evaluation.
KW - Charcot's neuroarthropathy
KW - bone marrow
KW - diabetes mellitus
KW - foot and ankle
KW - magnetic resonance imaging
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85149515403&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85149515403&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1055/s-0043-1761494
DO - 10.1055/s-0043-1761494
M3 - Article
C2 - 36868246
AN - SCOPUS:85149515403
SN - 1089-7860
VL - 27
SP - 73
EP - 90
JO - Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology
JF - Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology
IS - 1
ER -