TY - JOUR
T1 - Association of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides with autism spectrum disorder in Jamaican children
AU - Bach, MacKinsey A.
AU - Samms-Vaughan, Maureen
AU - Hessabi, Manouchehr
AU - Bressler, Jan
AU - Lee, Min Jae
AU - Zhang, Jing
AU - Shakespeare-Pellington, Sydonnie
AU - Grove, Megan L.
AU - Loveland, Katherine A.
AU - Rahbar, Mohammad H.
N1 - Funding Information:
This research is funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) by a grant ( R01ES022165 ), as well as the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and the National Institutes of Health Fogarty International Center (NIH-FIC) by a grant ( R21HD057808 ) awarded to University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. We also acknowledge the support provided by the Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) component of the Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS) for this project. CCTS is mainly funded by the NIH Centers for Translational Science Award (NIH CTSA) grant ( UL1 RR024148 ), awarded to University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston in 2006 by the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR) , and its 2012 renewal ( UL1 TR000371 ) as well as another 2019 grant ( UL1TR003167 ) by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) . Furthermore, we acknowledge that the collection and management of survey data were done using REDCap ( Harris et al., 2009 ). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NICHD, NIH-FIC, NIEHS, NCRR, or NCATS. Finally, we acknowledge contributions by colleagues in the Analytical Chemistry Lab at MDHHS for analyzing and storing the whole blood samples for the assessments of the PCBs and OC pesticides concentrations, under a service contract.
Funding Information:
This research is funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) by a grant (R01ES022165), as well as the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) and the National Institutes of Health Fogarty International Center (NIH-FIC) by a grant (R21HD057808) awarded to University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston. We also acknowledge the support provided by the Biostatistics/Epidemiology/Research Design (BERD) component of the Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS) for this project. CCTS is mainly funded by the NIH Centers for Translational Science Award (NIH CTSA) grant (UL1 RR024148), awarded to University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston in 2006 by the National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), and its 2012 renewal (UL1 TR000371) as well as another 2019 grant (UL1TR003167) by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS). Furthermore, we acknowledge that the collection and management of survey data were done using REDCap (Harris et al. 2009). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the NICHD, NIH-FIC, NIEHS, NCRR, or NCATS. Finally, we acknowledge contributions by colleagues in the Analytical Chemistry Lab at MDHHS for analyzing and storing the whole blood samples for the assessments of the PCBs and OC pesticides concentrations, under a service contract.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2020/8
Y1 - 2020/8
N2 - Background: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine (OC) pesticides are suspected to play a role in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Objectives: To investigate associations of PCBs and OC pesticides with ASD in Jamaican children and explore possible interaction between PCBs or OC pesticides with glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes (GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1) in relation to ASD. Methods: Participants included n = 169 age- and sex-matched case-control pairs of Jamaican children 2−8 years old. Socioeconomic status and food frequency data were self-reported by the parents/guardians. Blood from each participant was analyzed for 100 PCB congeners and 17 OC pesticides and genotyped for three GST genes. PCBs and OC pesticides concentrations below the limit of detection (LoD) were replaced with (LoD/√2). We used conditional logistic regression (CLR) models to assess associations of PCBs and OC pesticides with ASD, individually or interactively with GST genes (GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1). Results: We found inverse associations of PCB-153 [adjusted MOR (95 % CI) = 0.44 (0.23, 0.86)] and PCB-180 [adjusted MOR (95 % CI) = 0.52 (0.28, 0.95)] with ASD. When adjusted for covariates in a CLR the interaction between GSTM1 and PCB-153 became significant (P < 0.01). Discussion: Differences in diet between ASD and typically developing control groups may play a role in the observed findings of lower concentrations of PCB-153 and PCB-180 in individuals with ASD than in controls. Considering the limited sample size and high proportion of concentrations below the LoD, these results should be interpreted with caution but warrant further investigation into associations of PCBs and OC pesticides with ASD.
AB - Background: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine (OC) pesticides are suspected to play a role in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Objectives: To investigate associations of PCBs and OC pesticides with ASD in Jamaican children and explore possible interaction between PCBs or OC pesticides with glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes (GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1) in relation to ASD. Methods: Participants included n = 169 age- and sex-matched case-control pairs of Jamaican children 2−8 years old. Socioeconomic status and food frequency data were self-reported by the parents/guardians. Blood from each participant was analyzed for 100 PCB congeners and 17 OC pesticides and genotyped for three GST genes. PCBs and OC pesticides concentrations below the limit of detection (LoD) were replaced with (LoD/√2). We used conditional logistic regression (CLR) models to assess associations of PCBs and OC pesticides with ASD, individually or interactively with GST genes (GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1). Results: We found inverse associations of PCB-153 [adjusted MOR (95 % CI) = 0.44 (0.23, 0.86)] and PCB-180 [adjusted MOR (95 % CI) = 0.52 (0.28, 0.95)] with ASD. When adjusted for covariates in a CLR the interaction between GSTM1 and PCB-153 became significant (P < 0.01). Discussion: Differences in diet between ASD and typically developing control groups may play a role in the observed findings of lower concentrations of PCB-153 and PCB-180 in individuals with ASD than in controls. Considering the limited sample size and high proportion of concentrations below the LoD, these results should be interpreted with caution but warrant further investigation into associations of PCBs and OC pesticides with ASD.
KW - Autism spectrum disorder (ASD)
KW - Glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes
KW - Interaction
KW - Jamaica
KW - Organochlorine (OC) pesticides
KW - Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
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U2 - 10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101587
DO - 10.1016/j.rasd.2020.101587
M3 - Article
C2 - 32661462
AN - SCOPUS:85086590078
SN - 1750-9467
VL - 76
JO - Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders
JF - Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders
M1 - 101587
ER -