A live porcine model for robotic sacrocolpopexy training

Introduction and hypothesis: Robotic sacrocolpopexy is an effective and durable technique for pelvic organ prolapse repair. However, the learning curve for this procedure has underscored the need for an effective surgical training module. Given the cost, infection risk, poor tissue compliance, and scarcity of human cadavers, the live porcine model represents a realistic, available, and cost-effective alternative. This article describes a live porcine model for teaching robotic sacrocolpopexy to determine whether it teaches key aspects of live human robotic sacrocolpopexy to the learner. Methods: This robotic sacrocolpopexy model was created using the Da Vinci Xi or Si robotic system on domestic pigs under general anesthesia. The main steps of the model include: (1) creating the porcine “cervix” and (2) performing robotic sacrocolpopexy. The model was evaluated with a survey given to 18 board-certified surgeons who attended the training course between December 2016 and April 2018. Results: All of the participants reported improvements in their economy of motion, tissue handling ability, suturing efficiency, and overall performance of robotic sacrocolpopexy. Furthermore, a majority of participants were likely to incorporate aspects of the model into their practice (88.8%) and recommend the model to colleagues (94.2%). Conclusions: The porcine model provides a feasible tool for teaching robotic sacrocolpopexy to physicians.