TY - JOUR
T1 - Update on prognostic and predictive biomarkers of breast cancer
AU - Hou, Yanjun
AU - Peng, Yan
AU - Li, Zaibo
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022
PY - 2022/9
Y1 - 2022/9
N2 - Breast cancer represents a heterogeneous group of human cancer at both histological and molecular levels. Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) are the most commonly used biomarkers in clinical practice for making treatment plans for breast cancer patients by oncologists. Recently, PD-L1 testing plays an important role for immunotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer. With the increased understanding of the molecular characterization of breast cancer and the emergence of novel targeted therapies, more potential biomarkers are needed for the development of more personalized treatments. In this review, we summarized several main prognostic and predictive biomarkers in breast cancer at genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic levels, including hormone receptors, HER2, Ki67, multiple gene expression assays, PD-L1 testing, mismatch repair deficiency/microsatellite instability, tumor mutational burden, PIK3CA, ESR1 andNTRK and briefly introduced the roles of digital imaging analysis in breast biomarker evaluation.
AB - Breast cancer represents a heterogeneous group of human cancer at both histological and molecular levels. Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) are the most commonly used biomarkers in clinical practice for making treatment plans for breast cancer patients by oncologists. Recently, PD-L1 testing plays an important role for immunotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer. With the increased understanding of the molecular characterization of breast cancer and the emergence of novel targeted therapies, more potential biomarkers are needed for the development of more personalized treatments. In this review, we summarized several main prognostic and predictive biomarkers in breast cancer at genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic levels, including hormone receptors, HER2, Ki67, multiple gene expression assays, PD-L1 testing, mismatch repair deficiency/microsatellite instability, tumor mutational burden, PIK3CA, ESR1 andNTRK and briefly introduced the roles of digital imaging analysis in breast biomarker evaluation.
KW - Biomarkers
KW - Breast cancer
KW - Genes
KW - PD-L1
KW - Targeted therapy
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U2 - 10.1053/j.semdp.2022.06.015
DO - 10.1053/j.semdp.2022.06.015
M3 - Review article
C2 - 35752515
AN - SCOPUS:85135954355
SN - 0740-2570
VL - 39
SP - 322
EP - 332
JO - Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology
JF - Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology
IS - 5
ER -