Transcriptional Circuit Fragility Influences HIV Proviral Fate

Emily L. Morton, Christian V. Forst, Yue Zheng, Ana B. DePaula-Silva, Nora Guadalupe P. Ramirez, Vicente Planelles, Iván D'Orso

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

19 Scopus citations

Abstract

Transcriptional circuit architectures in several organisms have been evolutionarily selected to dictate precise given responses. Unlike these cellular systems, HIV is regulated through a complex circuit composed of two successive phases (host and viral), which create a positive feedback loop facilitating viral replication. However, it has long remained unclear whether both phases operate identically and to what extent the host phase influences the entire circuit. Here, we report that, although the host phase is regulated by a checkpoint whereby KAP1 mediates transcription activation, the virus evolved a minimalist system bypassing KAP1. Given the complex circuit's architecture, cell-to-cell KAP1 fluctuations impart heterogeneity in the host transcriptional responses, thus affecting the feedback loop. Mathematical modeling of a complete circuit reveals how these oscillations ultimately influence homogeneous reactivation potential of a latent virus. Thus, although HIV drives molecular innovation to fuel robust gene activation, it experiences transcriptional fragility, thereby influencing viral fate and cure efforts. Morton et al. show that HIV has evolved a minimalist but robust transcriptional circuit that bypasses host regulatory checkpoints. However, they demonstrate that the fragility of the circuit in the host phase (which primes HIV for activation) largely affects proviral transcription and fate.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)154-171.e9
JournalCell Reports
Volume27
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Apr 2 2019

Keywords

  • HIV
  • KAP1
  • P-TEFb
  • TRIM28
  • latency
  • mathematical modeling
  • provirus
  • reactivation
  • stochastic model
  • transcriptional regulation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Transcriptional Circuit Fragility Influences HIV Proviral Fate'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this