TY - JOUR
T1 - The promise of immunotherapy in genitourinary malignancies
AU - Zhang, Tian
AU - Armstrong, Andrew J.
AU - George, Daniel J.
AU - Huang, Jiaoti
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2018.
PY - 2018/12/1
Y1 - 2018/12/1
N2 - A broad understanding of the tumor immune landscape has led to a revolution of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of multiple cancer types. In genitourinary malignancies, immune checkpoint inhibitors have improved outcomes for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma and metastatic urothelial carcinoma; however, these treatments have not yet proven broadly beneficial for patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Numerous prospective trials are ongoing to further improve outcomes with immunotherapy combinations and for biomarker development to predict benefit from immune checkpoint inhibition. This perspective article highlights our current immunotherapy approaches in each of the genitourinary malignancies and the ongoing clinical trials that may inform our future treatments in renal, urothelial, and prostate cancers.
AB - A broad understanding of the tumor immune landscape has led to a revolution of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of multiple cancer types. In genitourinary malignancies, immune checkpoint inhibitors have improved outcomes for patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma and metastatic urothelial carcinoma; however, these treatments have not yet proven broadly beneficial for patients with metastatic prostate cancer. Numerous prospective trials are ongoing to further improve outcomes with immunotherapy combinations and for biomarker development to predict benefit from immune checkpoint inhibition. This perspective article highlights our current immunotherapy approaches in each of the genitourinary malignancies and the ongoing clinical trials that may inform our future treatments in renal, urothelial, and prostate cancers.
KW - Immune checkpoint inhibition
KW - Prostate cancer
KW - Renal cell carcinoma
KW - Urothelial carcinoma
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85079004630&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85079004630&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/pcmedi/pby018
DO - 10.1093/pcmedi/pby018
M3 - Review article
C2 - 30687563
AN - SCOPUS:85079004630
SN - 2096-5303
VL - 1
SP - 97
EP - 101
JO - Precision Clinical Medicine
JF - Precision Clinical Medicine
IS - 3
ER -