TY - JOUR
T1 - The evolving landscape of prostate cancer stem cell
T2 - Therapeutic implications and future challenges
AU - Yun, Eun Jin
AU - Lo, U. Ging
AU - Hsieh, Jer Tsong
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Editorial Office of Asian Journal of Urology
PY - 2016/10/1
Y1 - 2016/10/1
N2 - Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cause of malignancy in males and the second leading cause of cancer mortality in United States. Current treatments for PCa include surgery, radiotherapy, and androgen-deprivation therapy. Eventually, PCa relapses to an advanced castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) that becomes a systematic disease and incurable. Therefore, identifying cellular components and molecular mechanisms that drive aggressive PCa at early stage is critical for disease prognosis and therapeutic intervention. One potential strategy for aggressive PCa is to target cancer stem cells (CSCs) that are identified by several unique characteristics such as immortal, self-renewal, and pluripotency. Also, CSC is believed to be a major factor contributing to resistance to radiotherapy and conventional chemotherapies. Moreover, CSCs are thought to be the critical cause of metastasis, tumor recurrence and cancer-related death of multiple cancer types, including PCa. In this review, we discuss recent progress made in understanding prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs). We focus on the therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting specific surface markers of CSCs, the key signaling pathways in the maintenance of self-renewal capacity of CSCs, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters that mediate the drug-resistance of CSCs, dysregulated microRNAs expression profiles in CSCs, and immunotherapeutic strategies developed against PCSCs surface markers.
AB - Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common cause of malignancy in males and the second leading cause of cancer mortality in United States. Current treatments for PCa include surgery, radiotherapy, and androgen-deprivation therapy. Eventually, PCa relapses to an advanced castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) that becomes a systematic disease and incurable. Therefore, identifying cellular components and molecular mechanisms that drive aggressive PCa at early stage is critical for disease prognosis and therapeutic intervention. One potential strategy for aggressive PCa is to target cancer stem cells (CSCs) that are identified by several unique characteristics such as immortal, self-renewal, and pluripotency. Also, CSC is believed to be a major factor contributing to resistance to radiotherapy and conventional chemotherapies. Moreover, CSCs are thought to be the critical cause of metastasis, tumor recurrence and cancer-related death of multiple cancer types, including PCa. In this review, we discuss recent progress made in understanding prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs). We focus on the therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting specific surface markers of CSCs, the key signaling pathways in the maintenance of self-renewal capacity of CSCs, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters that mediate the drug-resistance of CSCs, dysregulated microRNAs expression profiles in CSCs, and immunotherapeutic strategies developed against PCSCs surface markers.
KW - Cancer stem cell
KW - Normal stem cell
KW - Prostate cancer
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85027837380&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ajur.2016.09.006
DO - 10.1016/j.ajur.2016.09.006
M3 - Review article
C2 - 29264188
AN - SCOPUS:85027837380
SN - 2214-3882
VL - 3
SP - 203
EP - 210
JO - Asian Journal of Urology
JF - Asian Journal of Urology
IS - 4
ER -