@article{58901df5cc404c86881fe7fe8f84fd30,
title = "The combined effect of physical activity and sedentary behavior on subclinical atherosclerosis: A cross-sectional study among Mexican Americans",
abstract = "Background: Physical activity and sedentary behavior are considered independent risk factors for chronic disease. However, we do not fully understand their interrelation with key health outcomes such as subclinical atherosclerosis. This study examines the combined effects of sedentary behavior and physical activity on carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and presence of carotid plaque in a Mexican American population on the Texas-Mexico border. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using retrospective data from a sample (n = 612) of participants from the Cameron County Hispanic Cohort. Carotid ultrasound was used to measure cIMT and presence of carotid plaque. Self-reported questionnaires were used to assess leisure time physical activity and sedentary behavior (TV/movie sitting and total sitting). A series of multivariable regression models were used to assess study aims. An interaction term between physical activity and sedentary behavior was included in models for each respective outcome. Models were controlled for demographic and health-related variables. Results: There were no significant associations found between physical activity, sedentary behavior and mean cIMT, or cIMT thickness ≥ 75th percentile for age and gender. However, there was a significant interaction between physical activity and TV/movie sitting with presence of carotid plaque. Participants who reported moderate levels of physical activity had significantly lower odds for presence of plaque compared to participants with no activity when TV/movie sitting time was ≤3 h per day. However, there was no significant difference in odds for presence of plaque between physical activity groups when TV/movie sitting exceeded 3 h/day. These results were consistent with models examining total sitting time. Conclusions: Our results indicate that for Mexican Americans, there is a combined effect of sedentary behavior and physical activity on presence of carotid plaque. Participating in moderate physical activity is optimal for having lower levels of carotid plaque in addition to avoiding excessive levels of TV/movie sitting (≥3 h/day) and/or total sitting (≥8.5 h/day).",
keywords = "Atherosclerosis, Carotid intima-media thickness, Carotid plaque, Physical activity, Sedentary behavior",
author = "Walker, {Timothy J.} and Heredia, {Natalia I.} and Lee, {Min Jae} and Laing, {Susan T.} and Fisher-Hoch, {Susan P.} and McCormick, {Joseph B.} and Reininger, {Belinda M.}",
note = "Funding Information: The design of the cohort and data collection were funded by the EXPORT Grant from the National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities (P20 MD000170), by the Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS) mainly funded by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), and Centers for Translational Science Award (UL1 TR000371). The analysis, data interpretation, and writing were funded in part by the UTHealth School of Public Health Cancer Education and Career Development Program through a National Cancer Institute/NIH Grant (R25CA057712), the Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health through The University of Texas MD Anderson's Cancer Center Support Grant (CA016672), a training grant from the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (RP170259) and the Duncan Family Institute through the Center for Community-Engaged Translational Research. During the writing of the manuscript Dr. Walker was supported by a research career development award for (K12HD052023): Building Interdisciplinary Research Career in Women's Health Program- BIRCWH; Berenson, PI) from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) at the National Institutes of Health. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. The authors of this manuscript would like to acknowledge the participants who so willingly participated in this study, our community partners and Community Action Board members who are dedicated to eliminating health disparities. We would also like to acknowledge our Tu Salud Si Cuenta! professional study team led by Lisa Mitchell- Bennett. We thank the cohort team, including Ms. Rocio Uribe and her team, who recruited and documented the participants. We also thank Marcela Morris and other laboratory staff for their contributions, and Christina Villarreal for administrative support. Finally, we thank Valley Baptist Medical Center, Brownsville, Texas for providing us space for our Center for Clinical and Translational Science Clinical Research Unit. Funding Information: The design of the cohort and data collection were funded by the EXPORT Grant from the National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities (P20 MD000170), by the Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences (CCTS) mainly funded by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), and Centers for Translational Science Award (UL1 TR000371). The analysis, data interpretation, and writing were funded in part by the UTHealth School of Public Health Cancer Education and Career Development Program through a National Cancer Institute/NIH Grant (R25CA057712), the Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, the National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of Health through The University of Texas MD Anderson{\textquoteright}s Cancer Center Support Grant (CA016672), a training grant from the Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (RP170259) and the Duncan Family Institute through the Center for Community-Engaged Translational Research. During the writing of the manuscript Dr. Walker was supported by a research career development award for (K12HD052023): Building Interdisciplinary Research Career in Women{\textquoteright}s Health Program-BIRCWH; Berenson, PI) from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) at the National Institutes of Health. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 The Author(s).",
year = "2019",
month = feb,
day = "6",
doi = "10.1186/s12889-019-6439-4",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "19",
journal = "BMC Public Health",
issn = "1471-2458",
publisher = "BioMed Central",
number = "1",
}