@article{c7e7d36eba734dfa9352ba2eae03efa5,
title = "Specific and nonspecific inhibition of transcription by DNA, PNA, and phosphorothioate promoter analog duplexes",
abstract = "DNA duplexes analogous to the promoters for SP6 or T7 RNA polymerase inhibit transcription with exquisite selectivity. By contrast, phosphorothioate oligomers inhibit nonselectively, and peptide nucleic acid (PNA) duplexes and PNA:DNA heteroduplexes do not inhibit at all. The absence of recognition of proteins by PNAs may prove to be a substantial advantage for their use as anti-sense agents and nucleic acid probes.",
author = "Hamilton, {Susan E.} and Mridula Iyer and Norton, {James C.} and Corey, {David R.}",
note = "Funding Information: In vitro inhibition of transcription. The reactions were initiated by the addition of SP6 or T7 RNAP, 0.5 ~tL (20 U/I.tL) in the presence of varying concentrations of oligonucleotide (0 to 1700 nM). Assays were carried out at 37 °C for 60 min, and the reactions were stopped upon the addition of l/5th volume of 0.5 M EDTA. Transcribed products were separated on a 4% polyacrylamide gel, and relative incorporation of radiolabel in each transcript was quantified using a Molecular Dynamics model 425F phosphorimager with ImageQuant software version 3.3. Background radioactivity was determined from mixtures where no polymerase was added and subtracted from all measurements. Acknowledgments We thank Paul Proske and Dr. Clive Slaughter for oligonucleotide synthesis and John Waggenspack for PNA synthesis. DRC is an Assistant Investigator with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Support provided by a grant from the Robert A. Welch Foundation (I-1244). References 1. Chamberlin, M.; Ryan, T. In The Enzymes; Boyer, P. D., Ed.; Academic: New York, 1983; Vol 15, pp 87-108.",
year = "1996",
month = dec,
day = "3",
doi = "10.1016/S0960-894X(96)00538-0",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "6",
pages = "2897--2900",
journal = "Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters",
issn = "0960-894X",
publisher = "Elsevier Limited",
number = "23",
}