@article{c53d3bf3c39b4952b85393f2d9abfd40,
title = "Silicon Oxynitrophosphide Nanoscale Coating Enhances Antioxidant Marker-Induced Angiogenesis During in vivo Cranial Bone-Defect Healing",
abstract = "Critical-sized bone defects are challenging to heal because of the sudden and large volume of lost bone. Fixative plates are often used to stabilize defects, yet oxidative stress and delayed angiogenesis are contributing factors to poor biocompatibility and delayed bone healing. This study tests the angiogenic and antioxidant properties of amorphous silicon oxynitrophosphide (SiONPx) nanoscale-coating material on endothelial cells to regenerate vascular tissue in vitro and in bone defects. in vitro studies evaluate the effect of silicon oxynitride (SiONx) and two different SiONPx compositions on human endothelial cells exposed to ROS (eg, hydrogen peroxide) that simulates oxidative stress conditions. in vivo studies using adult male Sprague Dawley rats (approximately 450 g) were performed to compare a bare plate, a SiONPx-coated implant plate, and a sham control group using a rat standard-sized calvarial defect. Results from this study showed that plates coated with SiONPx significantly reduced cell death, and enhanced vascular tubule formation and matrix deposition by upregulating angiogenic and antioxidant expression (eg, vascular endothelial growth factor A, angiopoetin-1, superoxide dismutase 1, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, and catalase 1). Moreover, endothelial cell markers (CD31) showed a significant tubular structure in the SiONPx coating group compared with an empty and uncoated plate group. This reveals that atomic doping of phosphate into the nanoscale coating of SiONx produced markedly elevated levels of antioxidant and angiogenic markers that enhance vascular tissue regeneration. This study found that SiONPx or SiONx nanoscale-coated materials enhance antioxidant expression, angiogenic marker expression, and reduce ROS levels needed for accelerating vascular tissue regeneration. These results further suggest that SiONPx nanoscale coating could be a promising candidate for titanium plate for rapid and enhanced cranial bone-defect healing.",
keywords = "AMORPHOUS SILICON OXYNITROPHOSPHIDE, ANGIOGENESIS, ANTIOXIDANTS, BONE HEALING, OXIDATIVE STRESS",
author = "{do Monte}, {Felipe A.} and Neelam Ahuja and Awad, {Kamal R.} and Zui Pan and Simon Young and Kim, {Harry K.W.} and Pranesh Aswath and Marco Brotto and Varanasi, {Venu G.}",
note = "Funding Information: We would like to thank the Brazilian Federal Government, Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES), for sponsoring Felipe A do Monte. We also would like to thank the Fulbright Scholarships Program and the National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt, for sponsoring Kamal Awad. We want to thank the Center for Nanotechnology and the C2MB at UTA. We would also like to thank the University of Texas STARS Award and the National Institutes of Health (Grant Nos.: 1R03DE023872-01, 1R56DE027964-01A1-01, and NIH S10OD025230) for their support. The authors would like to thank Dr. Olumide Aruwajoye, Dr. Suresh Adapala, Dr. Gen Kuroyanagi, Ila Oxendine, Yang Li, Reuel Cornelia, and Richard Banlaygas from the Center for Excellence in Hip Disorders, Texas Scottish Rite Hospital, for their assistance. We would also like to acknowledge our other lab members Thy Than Vo and Yan Chang for their time and contribution towards this manuscript. Authors' roles: FAdM and NA served as co-first authors of the manuscript as they contributed equally, including completion of experiments and revising the manuscript. FAdM, NA, and KRA conducted all experiments under the supervision of the remaining authors. SY and HKWK provided clinical insight and access to cellular models for conducting studies for craniofacial and orthopedic studies. PA, MB, ZP, and VGV are the advisors and principal investigators on the respective grants along with SY and HKWK who provided added resources and expertise on the research. PA and VGV provided their patented SiONx and SiONPx coating fabrication method to FAdM, NA, and KA to conduct the studies in vitro and in vivo. MB provided molecular biological expertise in biomarker analysis given as figures in this study. ZP provided expertise on immunofluorescence. All authors contributed to the writing of the manuscript and accompanying revision. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.",
year = "2021",
month = apr,
doi = "10.1002/jbm4.10425",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "5",
journal = "JBMR Plus",
issn = "2473-4039",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd",
number = "4",
}