TY - JOUR
T1 - Secure Messaging, Diabetes Self-management, and the Importance of Patient Autonomy
T2 - a Mixed Methods Study
AU - Robinson, Stephanie A.
AU - Zocchi, Mark S.
AU - Netherton, Dane
AU - Ash, Arlene
AU - Purington, Carolyn M.
AU - Connolly, Samantha L.
AU - Vimalananda, Varsha G.
AU - Hogan, Timothy P.
AU - Shimada, Stephanie L.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, Society of General Internal Medicine (This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply).
PY - 2020/10/1
Y1 - 2020/10/1
N2 - Background: Diabetes is a complex, chronic disease that requires patients’ effective self-management between clinical visits; this in turn relies on patient self-efficacy. The support of patient autonomy from healthcare providers is associated with better self-management and greater diabetes self-efficacy. Effective provider-patient secure messaging (SM) through patient portals may improve disease self-management and self-efficacy. SM that supports patients’ sense of autonomy may mediate this effect by providing patients ready access to their health information and better communication with their clinical teams. Objective: We examined the association between healthcare team–initiated SM and diabetes self-management and self-efficacy, and whether this association was mediated by patients’ perceptions of autonomy support from their healthcare teams. Design: We surveyed and analyzed content of messages sent to a sample of patients living with diabetes who use the SM feature on the VA’s My HealtheVet patient portal. Participants: Four hundred forty-six veterans with type 2 diabetes who were sustained users of SM. Main Measures: Proactive (healthcare team-initiated) SM (0 or ≥ 1 messages); perceived autonomy support; diabetes self-management; diabetes self-efficacy. Key Results: Patients who received at least one proactive SM from their clinical team were significantly more likely to engage in better diabetes self-management and report a higher sense of diabetes self-efficacy. This relationship was mediated by the patient’s perception of autonomy support. The majority of proactive SM discussed scheduling, referrals, or other administrative content. Patients’ responses to team-initiated communication promoted patient engagement in diabetes self-management behaviors. Conclusions: Perceived autonomy support is important for diabetes self-management and self-efficacy. Proactive communication from clinical teams to patients can help to foster a patient’s sense of autonomy and encourage better diabetes self-management and self-efficacy.
AB - Background: Diabetes is a complex, chronic disease that requires patients’ effective self-management between clinical visits; this in turn relies on patient self-efficacy. The support of patient autonomy from healthcare providers is associated with better self-management and greater diabetes self-efficacy. Effective provider-patient secure messaging (SM) through patient portals may improve disease self-management and self-efficacy. SM that supports patients’ sense of autonomy may mediate this effect by providing patients ready access to their health information and better communication with their clinical teams. Objective: We examined the association between healthcare team–initiated SM and diabetes self-management and self-efficacy, and whether this association was mediated by patients’ perceptions of autonomy support from their healthcare teams. Design: We surveyed and analyzed content of messages sent to a sample of patients living with diabetes who use the SM feature on the VA’s My HealtheVet patient portal. Participants: Four hundred forty-six veterans with type 2 diabetes who were sustained users of SM. Main Measures: Proactive (healthcare team-initiated) SM (0 or ≥ 1 messages); perceived autonomy support; diabetes self-management; diabetes self-efficacy. Key Results: Patients who received at least one proactive SM from their clinical team were significantly more likely to engage in better diabetes self-management and report a higher sense of diabetes self-efficacy. This relationship was mediated by the patient’s perception of autonomy support. The majority of proactive SM discussed scheduling, referrals, or other administrative content. Patients’ responses to team-initiated communication promoted patient engagement in diabetes self-management behaviors. Conclusions: Perceived autonomy support is important for diabetes self-management and self-efficacy. Proactive communication from clinical teams to patients can help to foster a patient’s sense of autonomy and encourage better diabetes self-management and self-efficacy.
KW - diabetes
KW - mediation
KW - patient autonomy
KW - patient portal
KW - patient-provider communication
KW - qualitative
KW - veterans
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U2 - 10.1007/s11606-020-05834-x
DO - 10.1007/s11606-020-05834-x
M3 - Article
C2 - 32440998
AN - SCOPUS:85085351719
SN - 0884-8734
VL - 35
SP - 2955
EP - 2962
JO - Journal of general internal medicine
JF - Journal of general internal medicine
IS - 10
ER -