@article{a6a5a72c7bb44fe49684a44d68033885,
title = "Relationships between retinopathy of prematurity without ophthalmologic intervention and neurodevelopment and vision at 2 years",
abstract = "Background: Severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is associated with adverse outcomes. Relationships between milder ROP and outcomes have not been defined. We hypothesized that children with ROP stage ≤3 who did not receive ophthalmologic intervention would have worse motor, cognitive, and language skills and more vision abnormalities than children without ROP. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a randomized trial evaluating the effects of myo-inositol on ROP in the NICHD Neonatal Research Network. Primary outcomes were Bayley Scales of Infant Development composite scores; secondary outcomes included behavioral difficulties and ophthalmologic measures. Outcomes were compared using adjusted linear or modified Poisson models. Results: Of 506 children, 173 (34%) had no ROP, 262 (52%) had ROP stage ≤3 without intervention, and 71 (14%) had ROP with intervention. There was no difference in motor, cognitive, or language scores between children with ROP stage ≤3 without intervention and children without ROP. Children with ROP stage ≤3 without intervention had a higher rate of strabismus compared to children without ROP (p = 0.040). Conclusion: Children with ROP stage ≤3 without intervention did not have adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years{\textquoteright} corrected age compared to children without ROP but did have an increased incidence of strabismus. Impact: This study addresses a gap in the literature regarding the relationship between milder forms of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) that regress without intervention and neurodevelopment and vision outcomes.Children with a history of ROP stage ≤3 without intervention have similar neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years{\textquoteright} corrected age as children born extremely preterm without a history of ROP and better outcomes than children with a history of ROP with ophthalmologic intervention.Counseling about likely neurodevelopment and vision outcomes for children born extremely preterm with a history of ROP may be tailored based on the severity of ROP. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: Inositol to Reduce Retinopathy of Prematurity Trial: NCT01954082.",
author = "{for the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network} and Brumbaugh, {Jane E.} and Bell, {Edward F.} and Hirsch, {Shawn C.} and Crenshaw, {Emma G.} and DeMauro, {Sara B.} and Adams-Chapman, {Ira S.} and Lowe, {Jean R.} and Girija Natarajan and Wyckoff, {Myra H.} and Vohr, {Betty R.} and Colaizy, {Tarah T.} and Harmon, {Heidi M.} and Watterberg, {Kristi L.} and Hintz, {Susan R.}",
note = "Funding Information: The National Institutes of Health and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) through the Neonatal Research Network, and the National Eye Institute (NEI) provided grant support for the Inositol Trial. While NICHD staff had input into the study design, conduct, analysis, and manuscript drafting, the comments and views of the authors do not necessarily represent the views of NICHD, NEI, the National Institutes of Health, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the U.S. Government. Participating NRN sites collected data and transmitted it to RTI International, the data coordinating center (DCC) for the network, which stored, managed, and analyzed the data for this study. On behalf of the NRN, RTI International had full access to all of the data in the study and, with the NRN Center Principal Investigators, takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and accuracy of the data analysis. We are indebted to our medical and nursing colleagues and the infants and their parents who agreed to take part in this study. The following investigators, in addition to those listed as authors, participated in this study: NRN Steering Committee Chair: Richard A. Polin, MD, Division of Neonatology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University (2011-present). Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island (UG1 HD27904): Abbot R. Laptook, MD; Martin Keszler, MD; William Oh, MD; Elisabeth C. McGowan, MD; John P. Donahue, MD, PhD; Angelita M. Hensman, PhD, RNC-NIC; Barbara Alksninis, PNP; Mary Lenore Keszler, MD; Andrea M. Knoll; Theresa M. Leach, MEd; Emilee Little, RN, BSN; Elisabeth C. McGowan, MD; Michael R. Funding Information: The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) (U10 HD36790, UG1 HD27904, UG1 HD21364, UG1 HD68284, UG1 HD27853, UG1 HD40492, UG1 HD27851, UG1 HD27856, UG1 HD87229, UG1 HD68278, UG1 HD27880, UG1 HD34216, UG1 HD68270, UG1 HD53109, UG1 HD53089, UG1 HD68244, UG1 HD68263, UG1 HD40689, UG1 HD21385), the National Eye Institute (via co-funding to NICHD), and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (UL1 TR41, UL1 TR42, UL1 TR77, UL1 TR93, UL1 TR442, UL1 TR454, UL1 TR1117). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to the International Pediatric Research Foundation, Inc.",
year = "2021",
doi = "10.1038/s41390-021-01778-y",
language = "English (US)",
journal = "Pediatric Research",
issn = "0031-3998",
publisher = "Lippincott Williams and Wilkins",
}