TY - JOUR
T1 - Recurrent urinary tract infections in healthy and nonpregnant women
AU - Glover, Matthew
AU - Moreira, Cristiano G.
AU - Sperandio, Vanessa
AU - Zimmern, Philippe
PY - 2014/3
Y1 - 2014/3
N2 - Recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTI) are prevalent and pose significant clinical challenges. Although the term RUTI has long been vaguely defined, a consensus definition has emerged in recent years. The exact etiology behind RUTI remains under debate, with valid arguments for both ascending reinfections as well as persistent infection inside the bladder. These persistent infections exist in the form of quiescent intracellular reservoirs in the mouse model and may represent a novel concept to explain UTI recurrence in humans. Manageable risk factors such as behavioral patterns alongside nonmanageable risk factors including genetic susceptibility are growing fields of investigation. Acute UTI have been studied through two model bacterial strains: Escherichia coli UTI89 and CFT073. However, the clinical relevance to RUTI of these two strains has not been firmly established. Current treatment strategies for RUTI are limited and remain dominated by antibiotic usage despite variable efficacy. The majority of studies in humans have focused on younger groups of women with little information available about the postmenopausal population despite a heightened risk of RUTI in this age group.
AB - Recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTI) are prevalent and pose significant clinical challenges. Although the term RUTI has long been vaguely defined, a consensus definition has emerged in recent years. The exact etiology behind RUTI remains under debate, with valid arguments for both ascending reinfections as well as persistent infection inside the bladder. These persistent infections exist in the form of quiescent intracellular reservoirs in the mouse model and may represent a novel concept to explain UTI recurrence in humans. Manageable risk factors such as behavioral patterns alongside nonmanageable risk factors including genetic susceptibility are growing fields of investigation. Acute UTI have been studied through two model bacterial strains: Escherichia coli UTI89 and CFT073. However, the clinical relevance to RUTI of these two strains has not been firmly established. Current treatment strategies for RUTI are limited and remain dominated by antibiotic usage despite variable efficacy. The majority of studies in humans have focused on younger groups of women with little information available about the postmenopausal population despite a heightened risk of RUTI in this age group.
KW - Intracellular bacterial communities
KW - Postmenopausal women
KW - Quiescent intracellular reservoir
KW - Recurrent urinary tract infections
KW - Reinfection
KW - Risk factors for urinary tract infections
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U2 - 10.1016/j.urols.2013.11.007
DO - 10.1016/j.urols.2013.11.007
M3 - Review article
C2 - 27499825
AN - SCOPUS:84896543995
SN - 1879-5226
VL - 25
SP - 1
EP - 8
JO - Urological Science
JF - Urological Science
IS - 1
ER -