Reasons to go for Rezūm steam therapy: an effective and durable outpatient minimally invasive procedure

Purpose: In this review, we will discuss the state of the literature regarding Rezūm and opportunities for its application in the treatment of BPH. Methods: A comprehensive review of original research on convective water vapor thermal therapy (Rezūm) was conducted. Articles related to transurethral resection of the prostate, holmium laser enucleation of the prostate, Aquablation, and greenlight photoselective vaporization of the prostate were reviewed for discussion. Results: Rezūm distinguishes itself from other treatment options by its durable improvement in objective clinical outcomes such as IPSS and BPH Impact Index, while being cost-effective and versatile in its ability to treat a variety of prostate gland morphologies. This treatment option shows good lower urinary tract symptom relief, especially in small-to-moderate prostate sizes (30–80 cc). The use of convective heat transfer is unique and allows for localized treatment, avoiding damage to surrounding structures, thus providing an excellent safety profile and sexual function preservation. Conclusion: The current evidence on Rezūm warrants its consideration as a therapeutic alternative to transurethral surgery in selected patients.