Penetrating keratoplasty in acute herpetic corneal perforations

Central corneal perforations have traditionally been managed by conjunctival flaps, tissue adhesives, soft contact lenses, corneal patches and other conservative measures for the immediate preservation of the eye. An alternative method of treatment is immediate penetrating keratoplasty. The results were presented of immediate keratoplasty in 25 eyes referred with acute central corneal perforations, 20 of herpetic origin and 5 with a chemical burn or dry eye syndrome. In all cases, the eye was successfully preserved. Twelve of 20 grafts (60%) for herpetic perforation went on to eventual clear grafts as opposed to 1 of 5 grafts (20%) in the dry eye or chemically burned patients. Significant complications encountered included cataract formation, secondary glaucoma and persistent epithelial defects; however, these should not preclude eventual restoration of good visual acuity. Penetrating keratoplasty in acutely inflamed and perforated eyes used to lead to angle closure and secondary glaucoma in a considerable number of cases, sometimes progressing to total disaster. It was shown that if enough corticosteroids are given immediately postoperatively, the risk for angle closure is not significant.