Neuroimaging in Paraneoplastic Syndromes

Imaging the central nervous system is an important facet of diagnosing paraneoplastic neurological disorders. Many such disorders have characteristic imaging findings. However, even in syndromes without corollary imaging abnormalities, exclusion of additional or alternative diagnoses by neuraxis imaging is prudent. Here, we discuss the most commonly associated imaging abnormalities in such cases, as well as information on differentiation from common mimicking disorders. We also discuss imaging of the body for identification of a primary tumor in patients with suspected paraneoplastic disorders, including data for the most sensitive imaging modality.