Mortality at long-term follow-up of patients with no, nonobstructive, and revascularized 1-, 2-, and 3-vessel obstructive coronary artery disease

Background: To investigate the 5-year survival of patients with coronary angiographic evidence of no coronary artery disease (CAD), nonobstructive CAD, and revascularized 1-vessel, 2-vessel, and 3-vessel obstructive CAD. Material/Methods: Coronary angiography was performed in 2,057 unselected patients, mean age 69 years (57% men and 43% women), with an acute coronary syndrome (50%) or anginal chest pain.(50%). Results: Of 2,057 patients, 760 (37%) had obstructive CAD with >50% obstruction of at least 1 major coronary artery (left anterior descending, left circumflex, and right coronary) and were revascularized, 695 (34%) had nonobstructive CAD (<50% obstruction), and 602 (29%) had normal coronary arteries. At 60±16-month follow-up, all-cause mortality occurred in 41 of 602 patients (7%) with no CAD (group 1), in 80 of 695 patients (12%) with nonobstructive CAD (group 2), in 50 of 302 patients (17%) with revascularized 1-vessel obstructive CAD (group 3), in 47 of 201 patients (23%) with 2-vessel revascularized obstructive CAD (group 4), and in 72 of 257 patients (28%) with 3-vessel revascularized obstructive CAD (group 4). Log-rank tests to compare survival curves among the 5 groups showed p=0.004 for groups 1 versus 2; p<0.0001 for groups 1 versus 3, 1 versus 4, 1 versus 5, 2 versus 4, and 2 versus 5; and p=0.007 for groups 3 versus 5. Conclusions: Patients with nonobstructive CAD had a worse survival than those with no CAD, a nonsignificant difference in survival than those with revascularized 1-vessel obstructive CAD, and a better survival than those with revascularized 2-vessel or 3-vessel obstructive CAD.