TY - JOUR
T1 - MEGnet
T2 - Automatic ICA-based artifact removal for MEG using spatiotemporal convolutional neural networks
AU - Treacher, Alex H.
AU - Garg, Prabhat
AU - Davenport, Elizabeth
AU - Godwin, Ryan
AU - Proskovec, Amy
AU - Bezerra, Leonardo Guimaraes
AU - Murugesan, Gowtham
AU - Wagner, Ben
AU - Whitlow, Christopher T.
AU - Stitzel, Joel D.
AU - Maldjian, Joseph A.
AU - Montillo, Albert A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021
PY - 2021/11/1
Y1 - 2021/11/1
N2 - Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a functional neuroimaging tool that records the magnetic fields induced by neuronal activity; however, signal from non-neuronal sources can corrupt the data. Eye-blinks, saccades, and cardiac activity are three of the most common sources of non-neuronal artifacts. They can be measured by affixing eye proximal electrodes, as in electrooculography (EOG), and chest electrodes, as in electrocardiography (ECG), however this complicates imaging setup, decreases patient comfort, and can induce further artifacts from movement. This work proposes an EOG- and ECG-free approach to identify eye-blinks, saccades, and cardiac activity signals for automated artifact suppression. The contribution of this work is three-fold. First, using a data driven, multivariate decomposition approach based on Independent Component Analysis (ICA), a highly accurate artifact classifier is constructed as an amalgam of deep 1-D and 2-D Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to automate the identification and removal of ubiquitous whole brain artifacts including eye-blink, saccade, and cardiac artifacts. The specific architecture of this network is optimized through an unbiased, computer-based hyperparameter random search. Second, visualization methods are applied to the learned abstraction to reveal what features the model uses and to bolster user confidence in the model's training and potential for generalization. Finally, the model is trained and tested on both resting-state and task MEG data from 217 subjects, and achieves a new state-of-the-art in artifact detection accuracy of 98.95% including 96.74% sensitivity and 99.34% specificity on the held out test-set. This work automates MEG processing for both clinical and research use, adapts to the acquired acquisition time, and can obviate the need for EOG or ECG electrodes for artifact detection.
AB - Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a functional neuroimaging tool that records the magnetic fields induced by neuronal activity; however, signal from non-neuronal sources can corrupt the data. Eye-blinks, saccades, and cardiac activity are three of the most common sources of non-neuronal artifacts. They can be measured by affixing eye proximal electrodes, as in electrooculography (EOG), and chest electrodes, as in electrocardiography (ECG), however this complicates imaging setup, decreases patient comfort, and can induce further artifacts from movement. This work proposes an EOG- and ECG-free approach to identify eye-blinks, saccades, and cardiac activity signals for automated artifact suppression. The contribution of this work is three-fold. First, using a data driven, multivariate decomposition approach based on Independent Component Analysis (ICA), a highly accurate artifact classifier is constructed as an amalgam of deep 1-D and 2-D Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to automate the identification and removal of ubiquitous whole brain artifacts including eye-blink, saccade, and cardiac artifacts. The specific architecture of this network is optimized through an unbiased, computer-based hyperparameter random search. Second, visualization methods are applied to the learned abstraction to reveal what features the model uses and to bolster user confidence in the model's training and potential for generalization. Finally, the model is trained and tested on both resting-state and task MEG data from 217 subjects, and achieves a new state-of-the-art in artifact detection accuracy of 98.95% including 96.74% sensitivity and 99.34% specificity on the held out test-set. This work automates MEG processing for both clinical and research use, adapts to the acquired acquisition time, and can obviate the need for EOG or ECG electrodes for artifact detection.
KW - Artifact
KW - Automation
KW - Convolutional neural network
KW - Deep learning
KW - ICA
KW - MEG
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85111044825&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85111044825&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118402
DO - 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118402
M3 - Article
C2 - 34274419
AN - SCOPUS:85111044825
SN - 1053-8119
VL - 241
JO - NeuroImage
JF - NeuroImage
M1 - 118402
ER -