TY - JOUR
T1 - Mechanisms in tissue-specific regulation of estrogen biosynthesis in humans
AU - Kamat, Amrita
AU - Hinshelwood, Margaret M.
AU - Murry, Barbara A.
AU - Mendelson, Carole R.
N1 - Funding Information:
Our research described in this article was funded by NIH 5 R01 DK31206.
PY - 2002/4
Y1 - 2002/4
N2 - In humans, aromatase P450, which catalyses conversion of C19-steroids to estrogens, is expressed in several tissues, including gonads, brain, adipose tissue, skin and placenta, and is encoded by a single-copy gene (CYP19); however, this does not hold true for all species. The human gene is ∼130 kb and its expression is regulated, in part, by tissue-specific promoters and by alternative splicing mechanisms. Using transgenic mouse technology, it was observed that ovary-, adipose tissue- and placenta-specific expression of human CYP19 is directed by relatively small segments of DNA within 500 bp upstream of each of the tissue-specific first exons. Thus, the use of alternative promoters allows greater versatility in tissue-specific regulation of CYP19 expression. Characterization and identification of transcription factors and crucial cis-acting elements within genomic regions that direct tissue-specific expression will contribute to improved understanding of the regulation of CYP19 expression in the tissues that synthesize estrogens under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
AB - In humans, aromatase P450, which catalyses conversion of C19-steroids to estrogens, is expressed in several tissues, including gonads, brain, adipose tissue, skin and placenta, and is encoded by a single-copy gene (CYP19); however, this does not hold true for all species. The human gene is ∼130 kb and its expression is regulated, in part, by tissue-specific promoters and by alternative splicing mechanisms. Using transgenic mouse technology, it was observed that ovary-, adipose tissue- and placenta-specific expression of human CYP19 is directed by relatively small segments of DNA within 500 bp upstream of each of the tissue-specific first exons. Thus, the use of alternative promoters allows greater versatility in tissue-specific regulation of CYP19 expression. Characterization and identification of transcription factors and crucial cis-acting elements within genomic regions that direct tissue-specific expression will contribute to improved understanding of the regulation of CYP19 expression in the tissues that synthesize estrogens under both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
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U2 - 10.1016/S1043-2760(02)00567-2
DO - 10.1016/S1043-2760(02)00567-2
M3 - Review article
C2 - 11893526
AN - SCOPUS:0036546523
SN - 1043-2760
VL - 13
SP - 122
EP - 128
JO - Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism
JF - Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism
IS - 3
ER -