Juvenile Cystic Adenomyoma Mimicking a Degenerating Leiomyoma

Background: Juvenile cystic adenomyoma (JCA) is a rare form of adenomyosis that affects women ≤30 years old, typically manifesting as severe dysmenorrhea and recurrent pelvic pain. Case: A 14-year-old nulligravida without significant dysmenorrhea had a uterine mass identified as a degenerating fibroid on multiple imaging studies. The mass was excised, and histopathologic examination confirmed JCA. Results: At 3 her months postoperative follow up, this patient had no recurrence of pain. Conclusions: Although JCAs rare lesions that typically present with severe dysmenorrhea, they should be considered in adolescent females presenting with noncyclic pelvic pain and uterine masses.