Immune surveillance of the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis - Relevance for therapy and experimental models

Rehana Z. Hussain, Liat Hayardeny, Petra C. Cravens, Felix Yarovinsky, Todd N. Eagar, Benjamine Arellano, Krystin Deason, Cyd Castro-Rojas, Olaf Stüve

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

25 Scopus citations

Abstract

Treatment of central nervous system (CNS) autoimmune disorders frequently involves the reduction, or depletion of immune-competent cells. Alternatively, immune cells are being sequestered away from the target organ by interfering with their movement from secondary lymphoid organs, or their migration into tissues. These therapeutic strategies have been successful in multiple sclerosis (MS), the most prevalent autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the CNS. However, many of the agents that are currently approved or in clinical development also have severe potential adverse effects that stem from the very mechanisms that mediate their beneficial effects by interfering with CNS immune surveillance. This review will outline the main cellular components of the innate and adaptive immune system that participate in host defense and maintain immune surveillance of the CNS. Their pathogenic role in MS and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is also discussed. Furthermore, an experimental model is introduced that may assist in evaluating the effect of therapeutic interventions on leukocyte homeostasis and function within the CNS. This model or similar models may become a useful tool in the repertoire of pre-clinical tests of pharmacological agents to better explore their potential for adverse events.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)9-17
Number of pages9
JournalJournal of Neuroimmunology
Volume276
Issue number1-2
DOIs
StatePublished - Nov 15 2014

Keywords

  • Autoimmunity
  • EAE
  • Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
  • Immune surveillance
  • MS
  • Multiple sclerosis
  • Pharmacotherapy
  • Toxoplasmosis

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Immunology and Allergy
  • Immunology
  • Neurology
  • Clinical Neurology

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