Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic coma in an infant with neonatal diabetes mellitus

Zachary C. Foughty; Kristen Moryan-Blanchard; Erin B. Henkel; Claire Gahm

doi:10.1016/j.ajem.2021.10.026

Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic coma in an infant with neonatal diabetes mellitus

Zachary C. Foughty, Kristen Moryan-Blanchard, Erin B. Henkel, Claire Gahm

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Scopus citations

Abstract

Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare disease distinct from type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). While T1DM results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, NDM arises from genetic mutations to insulin production and secretion pathways. We present a case of an infant presenting to the emergency department with shock and poor responsiveness, found to have neonatal DM with hyperosmotic hyperglycemic syndrome (HHS). This report distinguishes NDM from T1DM, illustrating the subtle but clinically significant differences in pathophysiology and implications for initial management of NDM in the emergency department setting.

Original language	English (US)
Journal	American Journal of Emergency Medicine
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2021.10.026
State	Accepted/In press - 2021
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Diabetes mellitus
Diabetic ketoacidosis
Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma
Pediatric emergency medicine
Permanent neonatal

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Emergency Medicine

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10.1016/j.ajem.2021.10.026

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title = "Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic coma in an infant with neonatal diabetes mellitus",

abstract = "Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare disease distinct from type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). While T1DM results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, NDM arises from genetic mutations to insulin production and secretion pathways. We present a case of an infant presenting to the emergency department with shock and poor responsiveness, found to have neonatal DM with hyperosmotic hyperglycemic syndrome (HHS). This report distinguishes NDM from T1DM, illustrating the subtle but clinically significant differences in pathophysiology and implications for initial management of NDM in the emergency department setting.",

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AU - Henkel, Erin B.

AU - Gahm, Claire

PY - 2021

Y1 - 2021

N2 - Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare disease distinct from type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). While T1DM results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, NDM arises from genetic mutations to insulin production and secretion pathways. We present a case of an infant presenting to the emergency department with shock and poor responsiveness, found to have neonatal DM with hyperosmotic hyperglycemic syndrome (HHS). This report distinguishes NDM from T1DM, illustrating the subtle but clinically significant differences in pathophysiology and implications for initial management of NDM in the emergency department setting.

AB - Neonatal diabetes mellitus (NDM) is a rare disease distinct from type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). While T1DM results from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, NDM arises from genetic mutations to insulin production and secretion pathways. We present a case of an infant presenting to the emergency department with shock and poor responsiveness, found to have neonatal DM with hyperosmotic hyperglycemic syndrome (HHS). This report distinguishes NDM from T1DM, illustrating the subtle but clinically significant differences in pathophysiology and implications for initial management of NDM in the emergency department setting.

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KW - Diabetic ketoacidosis

KW - Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic coma

KW - Pediatric emergency medicine

KW - Permanent neonatal

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Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic coma in an infant with neonatal diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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