Finite element analysis of mitral valve pathology

A finite element model was developed to examine deformation and stress patterns in the pathologic mitral valve under systolic loading conditions. A nonlinear, transient, equilibrium analysis was utilized to include time-dependent loading and chordal element bilinearity. Simulated conditions included chordal rupture, annular dilatation, and leaflet perforation. Chordal rupture produced leaflet prolapse, and increased stress on the remaining chordae. Annular dilatation resulted in delayed valve closure and significantly increased stress throughout the valve. Leaflet perforation demonstrated stress concentrations, which may lead to further tearing. Each of these models gives insight into possible mechanisms of valve failure.