TY - JOUR
T1 - Emergency Medicine Management of Sickle Cell Disease Complications
T2 - An Evidence-Based Update
AU - Simon, Erica
AU - Long, Brit
AU - Koyfman, Alex
PY - 2016/10/1
Y1 - 2016/10/1
N2 - Background Sickle cell disease (SCD) affects approximately 100,000 individuals in the United States. Due to alterations in the structural conformation of hemoglobin molecules under deoxygenated conditions, patients with SCD are predisposed to numerous sequelae, many of which require acute intervention. Objective Our aim was to provide emergency physicians with an evidence-based update regarding the diagnosis and management of SCD complications. Discussion SCD patients experience significant morbidity and mortality secondary to cerebrovascular accident, acute chest syndrome, acute vaso-occlusive pain crises, SCD-related multi-organ failure, cholecystitis, acute intrahepatic cholestasis, acute sickle hepatic crisis, acute hepatic sequestration, priapism, and renal disease. Emergency physicians must recognize acute manifestations of SCD in order to deliver timely management and determine patient disposition. Conclusions A comprehensive review of the emergency department management of acute SCD complications is provided. Comprehensive understanding of these aspects of SCD can assist physicians in expediting patient evaluation and treatment, thus decreasing the morbidity and mortality associated with this hemoglobinopathy.
AB - Background Sickle cell disease (SCD) affects approximately 100,000 individuals in the United States. Due to alterations in the structural conformation of hemoglobin molecules under deoxygenated conditions, patients with SCD are predisposed to numerous sequelae, many of which require acute intervention. Objective Our aim was to provide emergency physicians with an evidence-based update regarding the diagnosis and management of SCD complications. Discussion SCD patients experience significant morbidity and mortality secondary to cerebrovascular accident, acute chest syndrome, acute vaso-occlusive pain crises, SCD-related multi-organ failure, cholecystitis, acute intrahepatic cholestasis, acute sickle hepatic crisis, acute hepatic sequestration, priapism, and renal disease. Emergency physicians must recognize acute manifestations of SCD in order to deliver timely management and determine patient disposition. Conclusions A comprehensive review of the emergency department management of acute SCD complications is provided. Comprehensive understanding of these aspects of SCD can assist physicians in expediting patient evaluation and treatment, thus decreasing the morbidity and mortality associated with this hemoglobinopathy.
KW - acute chest
KW - acute pain crisis
KW - cerebrovascular accident
KW - sickle cell disease
KW - transfusion
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jemermed.2016.05.042
DO - 10.1016/j.jemermed.2016.05.042
M3 - Article
C2 - 27553919
AN - SCOPUS:84995967871
SN - 0736-4679
VL - 51
SP - 370
EP - 381
JO - Journal of Emergency Medicine
JF - Journal of Emergency Medicine
IS - 4
ER -