Effect of liraglutide on cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and polyvascular disease results of the LEADER trial

TY - JOUR

T1 - Effect of liraglutide on cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and polyvascular disease results of the LEADER trial

AU - LEADER Publication Committee on behalf of the LEADER Trial Investigators

AU - Verma, Subodh

AU - Bhatt, Deepak L.

AU - Bain, Stephen C.

AU - Buse, John B.

AU - Mann, Johannes F.E.

AU - Marso, Steven P.

AU - Nauck, Michael A.

AU - Poulter, Neil R.

AU - Pratley, Richard E.

AU - Zinman, Bernard

AU - Michelsen, Marie M.

AU - Fries, Tea Monk

AU - Rasmussen, Søren

AU - Leiter, Lawrence A.

N1 - Funding Information: Editorial assistance, limited to formatting and collation of coauthor comments, was supported financially by Novo Nordisk and provided by Gillian Groeger and Iz-abel James, of Watermeadow Medical, an Ashfield Company, part of UDG Healthcare plc, during preparation of this article. Dr Verma wrote the first draft. The authors were fully responsible for all content and editorial decisions, were involved at all stages of manuscript development, and have approved the final version. Funding Information: Dr Verma reported research grants and/or speaking honoraria from Boehringer Ingelheim/Eli Lilly, AstraZeneca, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Valeant and Amgen (all significant). Dr Bhatt was on the advisory board for Cardax, Elsevier Practice Update Cardiology, Medscape Cardiology, and Regado Biosciences; was on the board of directors for Boston VA Research Institute and Society of Cardiovascular Patient Care; was the chair for the American Heart Association Quality Oversight Committee; was on data monitoring committees for the Cleveland Clinic, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Harvard Clinical Research Institute, Mayo Clinic, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, and Population Health Research Institute; received honoraria from the American College of Cardiology (senior associate editor, clinical trials and news, ACC.org; vice-chair, American College of Cardiology Accreditation Committee), Belvoir Publications (editor in chief, Harvard Heart Letter), Duke Clinical Research Institute (clinical trial steering committees), Harvard Clinical Research Institute (clinical trial steering committee), HMP Communications (editor in chief, Journal of Invasive Cardiology), Journal of the American College of Cardiology (guest editor; associate editor), Population Health Research Institute (clinical trial steering committee), Slack Publications (chief medical editor, Cardiology Today’s Intervention), Society of Cardiovascular Patient Care (secretary/treasurer), WebMD (continuing medical education [CME] steering committees); held other positions for Clinical Cardiology (deputy editor), National Cardiovascular Data Registry (NCDR)-ACTION Registry Steering Committee (chair), and Veterans Affairs Clinical Assessment Reporting and Tracking (VA CART) Research and Publications Committee (chair); received research funding from Abbott, Amarin, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chiesi, Eisai, Ethicon, Forest Laboratories, Ironwood, Ischemix, Lilly, Medtronic, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, and The Medicines Company; received royalties from Elsevier (editor, Cardiovascular Intervention: A Companion to Braunwald’s Heart Disease); was site coinvestigator for Bio-tronik, Boston Scientific, and St. Jude Medical (now Abbott); was a trustee for the American College of Cardiology; and conducted unfunded research for FlowCo, Merck, PLx Pharma, and Takeda. Dr Bain reported research grants (includes principal investigator, collaborator, or consultant and pending grants as well as grants already received) from Healthcare and Research Wales (Welsh Government) (significant) and Novo Nordisk (significant); received other research and infrastructure support from Healthcare and Research Wales (Welsh Government) (significant); received honoraria from Novo Nordisk (significant), Sanofi (significant), Lilly (significant), Boehringer Ingelheim (significant), and Merck (significant); and has an ownership interest in Gycosmedia (diabetes online news service) (significant). Dr Buse reported consulting fees paid to his institution and travel support (all modest) from Novo Nordisk, Eli Lilly, Bristol-Myers Squibb, GI Dynamics, Elcelyx, Merck, Metavention, vTv Thera- peutics, PhaseBio, AstraZeneca, Dance Biopharm, Quest Diagnostics, Sanofi-Aventis, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Orexigen Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Adocia, and Roche; received grant support from Eli Lilly, Bristol-Myers Squibb, GI Dynamics, Merck, PhaseBio, AstraZeneca, Medtronic, Sanofi, Tolerex, Osiris Therapeutics, Halozyme Therapeutics, Johnson & Johnson, Andromeda, Boehringer Ingelheim, GlaxoSmithKline, Astellas Pharma, Mac-roGenics, Intarcia Therapeutics, Lexicon, Scion NeuroStim, Orexigen Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Theracos, Roche, and the National Institutes of Health (UL1TR001111) (all modest); received fees and stock options from PhaseBio (modest); and served on the boards of the AstraZeneca Healthcare Foundation and Bristol-Myers Squibb Together on Diabetes Foundation (both modest). Dr Mann reported research grants from Celgene, Europ Union, McMaster University Canada, AbbVie, Novo Nordisk, Roche, and Sandoz; and received personal fees (includes committee member and/or speaker fees) from Boehringer Ingelheim, Astra, Amgen, ACI Pharma, Fresenius, Celgene, Gam-bro, AbbVie, Medice, Novo Nordisk, Roche, Sandoz, Lanthio, Sanifit, Relypsa, and ZS Pharma (all significant). Dr Marso reported consulting fees from Novo Nordisk and St. Jude Medical; and received research support from Novo Nordisk, Terumo, The Medicines Company, AstraZeneca, and Bristol Myers-Squibb (all significant). Dr Michelsen was a Novo Nordisk employee (significant). Dr Monk Fries was a Novo Nordisk employee (significant) and shareholder (modest). Dr Nauck reported advisory board membership or consultancy for AstraZeneca (modest), Boehringer Ingelheim (modest), Eli Lilly (significant), Fractyl (modest), GlaxoSmithKline (modest), Menarini/Berlin Chemie (modest), Merck, Sharp & Dohme (significant), and Novo Nordisk (significant); and was on the speakers’ bureau for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, and Menarini/Berlin Chemie (all modest), and Merck, Sharp & Dohme and Novo Nordisk A/S (both significant). His institution has received grant support from AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, Menarini/Berlin-Chemie, Merck, Sharp & Dohme, Novartis Pharma, and Novo Nordisk A/S. Dr Poulter is president of the International Society of Hypertension; received personal speaker fees from Servier (modest), Takeda (modest) and Novo Nordisk (significant); was on advisory boards for AstraZeneca (modest) and Novo Nordisk (significant); and received research grants for his research group relating to type 2 diabetes mellitus from Diabetes UK, Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation (EME) National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Julius Clinical, and the British Heart Foundation, with a pending grant from Novo Nordisk (significant). Dr Pratley reported research grants from Gilead Sciences, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Ligand Pharmaceuticals Inc, Lilly, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi-Aventis US LLC, and Takeda; was a speaker for AstraZeneca, Novo Nordisk, and Takeda; and was a consultant for AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eisai, Inc, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen Scientific Affairs LLC, Ligand Pharmaceuticals Inc, Lilly, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, and Takeda. All payments are made directly to his employer (Florida Hospital). Dr Rasmussen was a Novo Nordisk employee and shareholder (both significant). Dr Zinman received consulting fees from Merck (modest), Novo Nordisk (significant), Sanofi-Aventis (modest), Eli Lilly (modest), AstraZeneca (modest), Janssen (modest), and Boehringer Ingelheim (significant). Dr Leiter reported consultant and speaker fees from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, and Servier (all modest); received consultant fees from Regeneron (modest); and received research grants or support from Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly, Esperion, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Kowa, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Resverlogix, Sanofi, and The Medicines Company (all modest). Funding Information: The LEADER trial was funded by Novo Nordisk.

PY - 2018

Y1 - 2018

KW - Atherosclerosis

KW - Diabetes mellitus

KW - Glucagon-like peptide 1

KW - Liraglutide

KW - Myocardial infarction

KW - Type 2

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85047123698&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85047123698&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.033898

DO - 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.033898

M3 - Article

C2 - 29760228

AN - SCOPUS:85047123698

SN - 0009-7322

VL - 137

SP - 2179

EP - 2183

JO - Circulation

JF - Circulation

IS - 20

ER -