ED disposition of the Glasgow Coma Scale 13 to 15 traumatic brain injury patient: Analysis of the Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI study

Jonathan J. Ratcliff, Opeolu Adeoye, Christopher J. Lindsell, Kimberly W. Hart, Arthur Pancioli, Jason T. McMullan, John K. Yue, Daniel K. Nishijima, Wayne A. Gordon, Alex B. Valadka, David O. Okonkwo, Hester F. Lingsma, Andrew I.R. Maas, Geoffrey T. Manley

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

35 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) patients are frequently admitted to high levels of care despite limited evidence suggesting benefit. Such decisions may contribute to the significant cost of caring for mTBI patients. Understanding the factors that drive disposition decision making and how disposition is associated with outcomes is necessary for developing an evidence-base supporting disposition decisions. We evaluated factors associated with emergency department triage of mTBI patients to 1 of 3 levels of care: home, inpatient floor, or intensive care unit (ICU). Methods This multicenter, prospective, cohort study included patients with isolated head trauma, a cranial computed tomography as part of routine care, and a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13 to 15. Data analysis was performed using multinomial logistic regression. Results Of the 304 patients included, 167 (55%) were discharged home, 76 (25%) were admitted to the inpatient floor, and 61 (20%) were admitted to the ICU. In the multivariable model, admission to the ICU, compared with floor admission, varied by study site, odds ratio (OR) 0.18 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.06-0.57); antiplatelet/anticoagulation therapy, OR 7.46 (95% CI, 1.79-31.13); skull fracture, OR 7.60 (95% CI, 2.44-23.73); and lower GCS, OR 2.36 (95% CI, 1.05-5.30). No difference in outcome was observed between the 3 levels of care. Conclusion Clinical characteristics and local practice patterns contribute to mTBI disposition decisions. Level of care was not associated with outcomes. Intracranial hemorrhage, GCS 13 to 14, skull fracture, and current antiplatelet/anticoagulant therapy influenced disposition decisions.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)844-850
Number of pages7
JournalAmerican Journal of Emergency Medicine
Volume32
Issue number8
DOIs
StatePublished - Aug 2014
Externally publishedYes

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Emergency Medicine

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